Who are Cities For? Informal tactics and co-operative strategies challenging the housing crisis

这个博士项目借鉴了贝尔格莱德的参与性行动研究，由CDA伙伴部委Prostora和伦敦提供支持，探索由公民非正式和更正式地由公民社会组织的替代住房解决方案如何挑战当前的住房危机。新自由主义对金钱的特权凌驾于社会价值之上，人们从他们的社区(Farha)流离失所，正在更广泛地危及公民的城市权利(Lefebvre)。研究的主要内容集中在贝尔格莱德市和挑战投资者城市化的新兴住房解决方案：城市建设中的非正式策略和公民的自我主动性，以及由充满活力的民间社会实施的合作战略。通过创新的混合方法进行案例分析，将产生一份形态类型学地图集，描述住房建设过程、公民参与及其对城市实际环境的影响。最近从社会主义国家向深刻的新自由主义民主过渡的历史，以及过去40年住房从公共产品到私人责任和市场产品的转变，使贝尔格莱德成为一个放大镜，在此基础上研究公共政策、自由市场和非正式建筑之间的互动，以回应住房需求。通过将贝尔格莱德的案例与伦敦既定的参与框架相互参照，这项研究将批判性地评估贝尔格莱德非正式和合作模式可能的可转移性和可扩展性。它还将解决更广泛的问题：谁将住在城市？城市是为谁服务的？通过建筑学和人种学参与性研究方法的结合，这项研究将为关于参与、非正式和合作的辩论提供新的见解，并为当地参与者之间的讨论提供一个平台，整合和加强他们的网络。在贝尔格莱德在全球北方和南方之间发挥枢纽作用的背景下，这项研究有可能建立新的联系和更广泛的影响。

Drawing on participatory action research in Belgrade, supported by CDA partner Ministarstvo Prostora, and in London, this doctoral project explores how alternative housing solutions organised informally by citizens and more formally by civil society can challenge the current housing crisis. Neoliberalism's privileging of monetary over social value and the displacement of people from their neighbourhoods (Farha) is jeopardizing citizens right to the city (Lefebvre) more widely. The primary body of the research focuses on the city of Belgrade and emerging housing solutions challenging investors' urbanism: informal tactics and citizens' self-initiative in city building, and cooperative strategies carried out by a vigorous civil society. Case study analysis through an innovative mixed methods approach will produce a morpho-typological atlas describing housing construction processes, citizens' participation and their impact on the physical city environment.The recent history of transition from a socialist state to a profoundly neoliberal democracy, and the transformation of housing from common good to private responsibility and product of the market in the last 40 years, makes Belgrade a magnifying glass under which to study the interaction between public policies, free market, and informal construction as responses to housing needs. By cross-referencing the case of Belgrade to London's established participatory framework, the research will critically assess the possible transferability and scalability of Belgrade's informal and cooperative models. It will also address wider questions about: who is going to live in cities? Who are cities for?Through a combination of architectural and ethnographic participatory research methods, the research will contribute new insight to debates on participation, informality, and cooperation, as well as provide a platform for discussion among local actors, integrating and strengthening their network. In the context of a hinge role of Belgrade between the Global North and South, the research holds potential for new links and wider impact.