The effect of the barley pathogen Ramularia collo-cygni on the quality of malt and the potential to control the disease through host resistance

大麦病原体 Ramularia collo-cygni 对麦芽品质的影响以及通过宿主抗性控制该疾病的潜力

• 批准号: 2875576
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Dundee
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2875576
• 关键词: effect; barley; pathogen; Ramularia; collo

Across the cereals sector, there is much interest in grain health and the presence of seed borne pathogens, especially in barley for malting. One of the major economic barley diseases in Scotland is Ramularia leaf spot (RLS), caused by the dothidiomycete fungus, Ramularia collo-cygni . This fungus has been shown to reduce grain yield and quality. It also has a seed borne stage in its life cycle. This BARIToNE PhD project builds on previous research by investigating (1) the effect of R. collo-cygni presence in harvested grain on malting and sprit (2) utilising previous genome wide analysis, which identified candidate gene regions associated with field resistance, we will genetically dissect this region using multi-parent populations developed from landraces and an elite cultivar (3) the potential for these crosses to display increased resistance to the pathogen will be validated in controlled condition and field experiments. The project relates strongly to the reduced input theme as RLS control relies on fungicide sprays just before head emergence. To address these three objectives, the project will combine biochemistry, genetics, genomics and field phenotyping in the following experimental approaches: Biochemical approaches. Micromalting of infected samples to determine malt quality (predicted spirit yield), diastatic power and wort viscosity in grain samples with varying levels of Rcc (including some lines with enhanced tolerance/resistance) . Then alcohol yield, congener profile and flavour profile of spirit produced from that malt. This will provide robust evidence on the impact of the fungus on product quality and also the impact of breeding for resistance on grain quality. Genetics and genomic approaches. A recent genome wide association analysis has highlighted candidate genes on the barley chromosomes which are associated with disease resistance in field experiments. An analysis will be conducted on a wider panel of genotypes including landrace accessions from a legacy collection, to identify genotypes which carry the candidate genes and develop novel germplasm for validation in controlled and field studies. Field disease phenotyping and validation approaches. i) Testing predicted resistance. The levels of resistance in the panel of genotypes analysed in part 2 will be tested in controlled conditions and field experiments to determine levels of resistance to symptom expression. ii) Resistant and susceptible lines will be tested for levels of apoplastic leakage and cuticle thickness to determine their potential influence on disease levels. Throughout the research programme, the student will have opportunity to engage with broader strategic research on crop health and improvement.

在整个谷物部门，人们对谷物健康和种子传播病原体的存在非常感兴趣，特别是在麦芽大麦中。苏格兰大麦的主要经济病害之一是由多刺菌真菌Ramularia collo-cygni引起的Ramularia叶斑病（RLS）。这种真菌已被证明会降低粮食产量和质量。在它的生命周期中也有一个种子孕育阶段。这个BARIToNE博士项目建立在之前的研究基础上，通过调查(1)在收获的谷物中存在colo -cygni对麦芽和烈酒的影响(2)利用之前的全基因组分析，确定了与田间抗性相关的候选基因区域。我们将使用从地方品种和一个优良品种发展而来的多亲本群体对该地区进行遗传解剖(3)，这些杂交对病原体表现出增强抗性的潜力将在受控条件和田间试验中得到验证。该项目与减少投入的主题密切相关，因为RLS控制依赖于在头出现之前喷洒杀菌剂。为了实现这三个目标，该项目将在以下实验方法中结合生物化学，遗传学，基因组学和现场表型：生物化学方法。对受感染的样品进行微麦芽加工，以确定不同Rcc水平（包括一些耐受性/抗性增强的品系）的谷物样品中的麦芽质量（预测烈酒产量）、发酵力和麦汁粘度。然后是由该麦芽产生的酒精含量、同族特征和风味特征。这将为真菌对产品质量的影响以及抗性育种对粮食质量的影响提供有力的证据。遗传学和基因组方法。最近的一项全基因组关联分析在大田试验中突出了大麦染色体上与抗病相关的候选基因。将对更广泛的基因型进行分析，包括来自遗留收集的地方品种，以确定携带候选基因的基因型，并开发新的种质，以便在对照和实地研究中进行验证。田间疾病表型和验证方法。i)测试预测的耐药性。在第2部分分析的基因型组中的抗性水平将在受控条件和现场实验中进行测试，以确定对症状表达的抗性水平。ii)将测试抗性和易感品系的外体渗漏水平和角质层厚度，以确定它们对疾病水平的潜在影响。在整个研究项目中，学生将有机会参与有关作物健康和改良的更广泛的战略研究。