From Interaction to Inference: How People Extrapolate Social Information from Thin Slices of Dyadic Interactions

从交互到推理：人们如何从二元交互的薄片中推断出社会信息

• 批准号: 2876787
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Bangor University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2876787
• 关键词: Interaction; Inference; How; People; Extrapolate

In our interconnected society, rapid and accurate interpretation of social cues is crucial for understanding the motivations of others. The ability to quickly make these judgements enables observers to assess a social situation and adapt subsequent behaviour, based on the actions and traits of people around them. This ability also allows people to determine suitable responses in new social environments and interpret the behaviours of people they are unfamiliar with. The thin slice paradigm offers a way to investigate how quickly and accurately people make evaluations about social attributes, personality traits or interpersonal dynamics based on minimal, restricted temporal information. Using this paradigm, the first study aims to explore how neurotypical adults and individuals with ASD infer the 'Big Five' personality traits and quality of interpersonal connection within interacting pairs. This will serve as a foundation for subsequent research inquiries which aim to investigate the quantity of information necessary to extract meaningful social insights, and how neurotypical individuals and individuals with ASD differ in how they visually attend to biological motion cues that convey social information. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of social perception and processing within these populations, this research will also analyse regions of the social brain that process social and interpersonal dynamic cues, aiming for a more comprehensive understanding of the variations in social information processing. This research aims to contribute to broader theories of social cognition, whilst enhancing our understanding regarding the variation in the way individuals with ASD process social information.

在我们这个相互联系的社会中，快速准确地解读社会线索对于理解他人的动机至关重要。快速做出这些判断的能力使观察者能够根据周围人的行为和特征来评估社会状况并调整随后的行为。这种能力还允许人们在新的社会环境中做出适当的反应，并解释他们不熟悉的人的行为。薄切片范式提供了一种方法来研究人们基于最小的、有限的时间信息对社会属性、人格特征或人际动态进行评估的速度和准确性。利用这一范式，第一项研究旨在探索神经正常的成年人和自闭症患者如何在相互作用的伴侣中推断出“五大”人格特征和人际关系的质量。这将为后续的研究奠定基础，这些研究旨在调查提取有意义的社会见解所需的信息量，以及神经正常个体和ASD个体在视觉上如何注意传递社会信息的生物运动线索。为了更全面地了解这些人群的社会感知和处理，本研究还将分析处理社会和人际动态线索的社会大脑区域，旨在更全面地了解社会信息处理的变化。本研究旨在为社会认知的更广泛理论做出贡献，同时增强我们对ASD个体处理社会信息方式差异的理解。