Canguilhem, Ruyer and Simondon - A Philosophy of Life Sciences à la Française

Canguilhem、Ruyer 和 Simondon - 法国生命科学哲学

• 批准号: 2887322
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Royal Holloway University of London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2887322
• 关键词: Canguilhem; Ruyer; Simondon; Philosophy; Life

This thesis will examine a heretofore uncharted 'moment' in continental philosophy of science: mid 20th- century French biological thought, which consisted of a uniquely fecund exchange between philosophy and nascent psycho-biological sciences. In doing so, it will contribute to critical approaches within today's expanding scholarly problematisation of 'life' which, spurred on by multiple challenges to natural and human systems, have launched calls that the contemporary 'biological turn' be steered away from a narrowly scientistic engagement with life and consciousness and an alliance between the sciences, arts, and humanities be embraced instead. My research will demonstrate how this period in French philosophy provides key lessons for what such an alliance should look like today.The thesis will be a first-time comparative analysis of French philosophers Georges Canguilhem, Raymond Ruyer and Gilbert Simondon. Over several decades (1940-1970), they actively reckoned with advancements in life sciences. I contend that an original metaphysics of life qua philosophy of life sciences à la française emerged during those engagements, with an innovative association between philosophical thought and scientific knowledge lodged at the heart of redefining the relation between material, biological and mental realitiesCombining a history of philosophy approach with in-depth interpretation of philosophical and scientific concepts, the thesis will first show how a uniquely productive exchange between life sciences and philosophy shaped French philosophy at the dawn of the 20th century. It will then unpack Canguilhem's, Ruyer's and Simondon's wide-ranging scholarships, revealing how each developed a central biological orientation. Third, it will examine how the three philosophers converged around refashioning both the materialist monism of life sciences and the tradition of vitalist dualism, resulting in a special kind of life-based and metaphysical monism. Finally, it will demonstrate the invaluable contributions this French bio-philosophical framework makes to increasingly self-critical and philosophically-minded contemporary re-interrogations on life within bio-cognitive sciences.

本论文将探讨欧洲大陆科学哲学史上一个前所未有的“时刻”：20-世纪中期法国的生物学思想，它是哲学与新生的心理生物学之间一次独特的、富有成效的交流。在这样做的过程中，它将有助于在今天不断扩大的学术问题化的“生命”，其中，自然和人类系统的多重挑战的刺激下，发起呼吁，当代的“生物转向”被引导远离狭隘的科学参与与生命和意识和科学，艺术和人文之间的联盟，而不是拥抱。我的研究将展示这一时期的法国哲学如何为今天的这种联盟提供关键的经验教训。论文将首次比较分析法国哲学家乔治·坎吉扬、雷蒙德·鲁耶和吉尔伯特·西蒙东。几十年来（1940-1970年），他们积极考虑生命科学的进步。我认为，在这些接触中出现了一种原始的生命形而上学，即法国的生命科学哲学，哲学思想和科学知识之间的创新联系是重新定义物质，生物和精神现实之间关系的核心。本论文将首先说明生命科学与哲学之间的一种独特的、富有成效的交流是如何在20世纪之初塑造法国哲学的。然后，它将解开Canguilhem，Ruyer和Simondon的广泛奖学金，揭示每个人如何发展一个中心的生物取向。第三，它将探讨这三位哲学家是如何围绕着重塑生命科学的唯物主义一元论和活力二元论的传统而聚集在一起的，从而产生了一种特殊的以生命为基础的形而上学一元论。最后，它将展示这一法国生物哲学框架的宝贵贡献，使越来越自我批判和哲学思想的当代重新审问生命内的生物认知科学。