Evaluating Utility Measures: Biases and Alternatives

评估效用措施：偏见和替代方案

• 批准号: 7419125
• 负责人: Eve Wittenberg
• 金额: $ 7.3万
• 依托单位: BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-01 至 2011-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7419125
• 关键词: Evaluating; Utility; Measures; Biases; Alternatives

Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis (CEA/CUA) is increasingly used for clinical and policy decision making in health and medicine. Utilities are critical inputs to economic analyses, providing the weighting factor for the common outcome measure "quality adjusted life years." The accuracy and validity of measurement and application of utility measures are essential to producing meaningful and informative results from such analyses. The proposed research will provide insight to understand the appropriate use and application of existing utility measurement methods, and to guide the development of improvements and alternatives. It will focus on cancer, a disease for which quality of life effects are of particular importance in clinical decision making and policy. The research proposes a series of studies to investigate the measurement of utilities, to explore the application of utilities, and to develop guidelines for improvements in utility assessment methodology. The first study will employ survey research and process tracing methods to identify cognitive factors that create biases in utility assessment methods, and develop and test modifications to avoid such biases. The second study will determine whether utilities vary systematically by individuals' age, race and gender using meta analytic techniques. The research will culminate in recommendations for the use of existing utility measurement methods and values, and the construction of a framework for the development of new methods to value health. A useful by-product of the research will be estimates of utility values for cancer health states for use by CEA/CUA and other applied researchers. The candidate has studied preference and utility assessment methods and their application in her dissertation, post-doctoral research, and current position as Instructor at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School. She is beginning a career as a quality of life methodologist, focusing on cancer interventions. This career development award would contribute to the initiation of her independent research agenda. She will be guided in her career development by the Director of her department, the MGH Institute for Technology Assessment, as well as senior researchers in this field who have established working relationships with the candidate (including her dissertation and post-doctoral advisors). She has strong institutional support and faculty mentorship to guarantee her success in the proposed research.

成本效益和成本效用分析（CEA/CUA）越来越多地用于临床和政策 健康和医疗决策。公用事业是经济分析的关键输入， 共同结果测量“质量调整生命年”的加权因子。“的准确性和有效性 公用事业措施的测量和应用是必不可少的，以产生有意义的和翔实的 这些分析的结果。拟议的研究将提供洞察力，以了解适当的使用 和应用现有的效用测量方法，并指导改进和 替代品.它将侧重于癌症，这是一种生活质量影响特别重要的疾病， 临床决策和政策。 本研究提出了一系列的研究，以调查效用的测量，探讨 公用事业的应用，并制定准则，以改善公用事业的评估方法。的 第一项研究将采用调查研究和过程跟踪的方法来确定认知因素， 效用评估方法中的偏见，并开发和测试修改，以避免这种偏见。第二 研究将确定效用是否因个人的年龄、种族和性别而系统地变化Meta 分析技术。这项研究将最终提出利用现有公用设施的建议。 测量方法和价值观，并为新的发展框架的建设 重视健康的方法这项研究的一个有用的副产品将是对癌症效用价值的估计 健康状态，供CEA/CUA和其他应用研究人员使用。 候选人学习了偏好和效用评估方法及其在她的应用。 博士论文，博士后研究，目前在马萨诸塞州总医院担任讲师 还有哈佛医学院她开始了作为生活质量方法学家的职业生涯，专注于 癌症干预。这一职业发展奖将有助于启动她的独立 研究议程。她将在她的部门，MGH主任指导她的职业发展 技术评估研究所，以及在这一领域的高级研究人员谁建立了 与候选人的工作关系（包括她的论文和博士后顾问）。她有 强大的机构支持和教师指导，以保证她在拟议的研究成功。