Mechanisms Underlying the Development of Auditory Perce*

听觉感知发展的机制*

• 批准号: 7154122
• 负责人: MIMI Le PHAN
• 金额: $ 7.49万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-06 至 2008-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7154122
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Animals; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory area; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Birds; Brain; Categories; Characteristics; Chronic; Data; Development; Discrimination; Electrodes; Employee Strikes; Environment; Exposure to; Finches; Goals; Hearing; Human; Implanted Electrodes; Individual; Infant; Language; Lead; Learning; Light; Measurable; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Methods; Metric; Modeling; Nature; Neurons; Output; Perception; Phase; Preparation; Process; Production; Property; Prosencephalon; Rate; Research; Role; Sensory; Sensory Process; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Songbirds; Speech; Stimulus; Testing; Thinking; Time; Training; auditory feedback; base; behavior influence; contextual factors; critical developmental period; experience; insight; male; neurophysiology; phonology; research study; response; sensory system; sound; success; vocal learning; vocalization; zebra finch

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The PI proposes to study the role of auditory perception in mediating vocal learning in a songbird, the zebra finch. Young male zebra finches learn their songs from adult models through a process of imitation that resembles human speech acquisition. As in humans, normative vocal learning is dependent on two phases of learning. The first phase consists of establishing an auditory memory for the correct song model. The second phase involves of vocal practice in which the young bird compares, matches, and eventually refines his output to conform to the sensory representation of the model song (similar to the babbling that human infants prior to recognizable speech production). The proposed experiments will use neurophysiological and behavioral methods to further understand the mechanisms driving the formation of these auditory memories and how the quality of these memories relates to the quality of the vocal learning. Specifically, the PI will: 1) study the influence of the behavioral context during early exposure on auditory memory formation; 2) measure in real time how perceptual tuning mediates auditory processing and discrimination for conspecific vocalizations; and 3) study the development of auditory memories as they relate to vocal imitation in young birds during the period of vocal learning. The research presented here will address fundamental questions regarding the interplay between vocal learning and perceptual tuning in development. Thus, the findings from this research will provide us with insights into the role of auditory experience on sensory development. The mechanisms by which auditory perception develops and affects vocal behavior has yet to been fully understood. By studying perception and vocal learning in a species that share similar characteristics to human speech learning, we hope to provide information on how listening to and interacting with relevant sounds during development affect the eventual processing and production of these signals.

描述（由申请人提供）：PI建议研究听觉感知在介导鸣禽斑胸草雀发声学习中的作用。年轻的雄性斑胸草雀通过模仿的过程从成年模型中学习它们的歌曲，这类似于人类的语言习得。与人类一样，规范的声乐学习取决于两个学习阶段。第一阶段包括为正确的歌曲模型建立听觉记忆。第二阶段是声音练习，幼鸟比较、匹配并最终改进其输出，以符合模型歌曲的感官表征（类似于人类婴儿在可识别的语音产生之前的牙牙学语）。拟议的实验将使用神经生理学和行为学方法，以进一步了解这些听觉记忆形成的机制，以及这些记忆的质量如何与声乐学习的质量相关。具体而言，PI将：1）研究早期暴露过程中的行为背景对听觉记忆形成的影响; 2）在真实的时间内测量知觉调谐如何介导对同种发声的听觉加工和辨别; 3）研究幼鸟在发声学习期间与发声模仿相关的听觉记忆的发展。这里提出的研究将解决有关发展中的声乐学习和感知调谐之间的相互作用的基本问题。因此，这项研究的结果将为我们提供深入了解听觉经验对感觉发育的作用。听觉发展和影响发声行为的机制尚未完全了解。通过研究一个与人类语音学习具有相似特征的物种的感知和语音学习，我们希望提供有关在发育过程中如何倾听和与相关声音互动影响这些信号的最终处理和产生的信息。