High resolution mapping of the cochlear nerve using optical stimulation

使用光刺激对耳蜗神经进行高分辨率绘图

• 批准号: 7324750
• 负责人: JONATHON D WELLS
• 金额: $ 32.64万
• 依托单位: LOCKHEED MARTIN ACULIGHT CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7324750
• 关键词: Acoustic Nerve; Acoustic Stimulation; Acoustics; Action Potentials; Animal Model; Animals; Auditory; Auditory Brainstem Responses; Auditory system; Behavior; Bionics; Bypass; Cavia; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Cochlea; Cochlear Implants; Cochlear Nerve; Collaborations; Compatible; Crowding; Deposition; Development; Devices; Disease; Ear; Effectiveness; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Felis catus; Fiber; Fiber Optics; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Gerbils; Grant; Hair Cells; Hearing; Housing; Human; Implant; Inferior Colliculus; Injury; Laboratories; Lasers; Length; Light; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modiolus; Morphology; Nerve; Nervous System Physiology; Neurons; Numbers; Optics; Outcome; Performance; Persons; Phase; Phase II Clinical Trials; Physiologic pulse; Placement; Population; Progress Reports; Prosthesis; Pulse taking; Radiation; Rate; Research; Resolution; Risk; Safety; Scala Tympani; Scanning; Side; Specimen; Speech; Stimulus; Structure; System; Testing; Thick; Time; Tissues; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Width; bone; design; ganglion cell; implantable device; improved; innovation; neural prosthesis; neural stimulation; novel; optical fiber; programs; prototype; relating to nervous system; response; round window; size; spiral ganglion; success; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neural prosthetic devices are artificial extensions to the body that restore or supplement nervous system function that was lost during disease or injury. Particular success has been realized in the cochlear prostheses development. In contemporary cochlear implants, however, the injected electric current is spread widely along the scala tympani and across turns limiting the number of effective hearing channels. In the Phase 1, we developed a research cochlear infrared nerve stimulator and identified the need for a small pulse width laser pulses when stimulating nerves within the cochlea. In this Phase 2, we propose to develop a compact diode driver and implantable single channel cochlear stimulator. Identification of the optimal fiber placement and chronic studies of implanting the cochlear stimulator in an animal model will also be conducted. The outcome of this grant will be to identify the optimal stimulation parameters and implantable design for future clinical trials after the Phase 2. This project is intended to benefit those that have lost hearing through disease or injury by developing a tool for research in cochlear implants as well as developing an improved cochlear implant. This research will focus on enhancing the performance of the cochlear implant to allow people to hear speech in a crowded room.

描述（由申请人提供）：神经假体装置是身体的人工延伸，用于恢复或补充在疾病或损伤期间失去的神经系统功能。人工耳蜗的研制取得了特别的成功。然而，在当代的人工耳蜗中，注入的电流沿着中鼓区和跨圈广泛传播，限制了有效听觉通道的数量。在第一阶段，我们开发了一种研究性耳蜗红外神经刺激器，并确定了在刺激耳蜗内神经时需要小脉冲宽度的激光脉冲。在第二阶段，我们建议开发一种紧凑的二极管驱动器和植入式单通道耳蜗刺激器。确定最佳的纤维位置和在动物模型中植入耳蜗刺激器的慢性研究也将进行。这项拨款的结果将是确定最佳的刺激参数和植入设计，用于二期临床试验后的未来临床试验。本项目旨在通过开发一种人工耳蜗研究工具以及开发一种改进的人工耳蜗，使那些因疾病或损伤而失去听力的人受益。这项研究将侧重于提高人工耳蜗的性能，使人们能够在拥挤的房间里听到讲话。