SEX DISCRIMINATION MENSTRUAL CYCLE: COMPARATIVE STUDY IN CHIMPANZEES & RHESUS

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。卵巢激素在月经周期中的波动影响灵长类动物的各种社会和认知行为。在这项研究中，我们研究了月经周期是否影响猕猴和黑猩猩的脸部知觉。我们测试了四只雌性恒河猴的一个月经周期和两只雌性黑猩猩的三个周期。月经期是通过分析猴子的卵巢激素水平和黑猩猩的肛门肿胀来确定的。动物们每周5天接受两个面部任务的测试，这些任务涉及雄性和雌性恒河猴、黑猩猩和人类的中性肖像。在视觉偏好任务(VP)中，受试者必须触摸按钮才能观看面部图像。只要触摸按钮，图像就会一直留在屏幕上，按下的持续时间被作为观看面部刺激时间的指标。在面孔延迟识别广度测试中，受试者在越来越多的连续呈现的面孔中触摸新面孔会得到奖励。我们发现，在VP周期的排卵期，雌性恒河猴盯着雄性恒河猴的脸看的时间更长。其他物种的脸部则没有这种影响。在高受孕风险时期，对与生殖相关的重要刺激的兴趣增强，可能有助于指导恒河猴的社会和性行为。在接近人类的黑猩猩身上没有类似的影响，这与行为更独立于神经内分泌控制的假设是一致的

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Fluctuations of ovarian hormones across the menstrual cycle influence a variety of social and cognitive behaviors in primates. In this study, we examined whether menstrual cyclicity influences face perception in macaques and chimpanzees. We tested four female rhesus monkeys across one menstrual cycle and two female chimpanzees across three cycles. Menstrual phase was determined from analysis of ovarian hormone levels in monkeys, and from anogenital swelling in chimpanzees. Animals were tested 5 days a week on two face-tasks involving neutral portraits of male and female rhesus monkeys, chimpanzees and humans. In the visual preference task (VP), subjects had to touch a button to view a face image. The image remained on the screen as long as the button was touched, and the duration of pressing was taken as an index of looking time at the face stimulus. In the Face-Delayed Recognition Span Test, subjects were rewarded for touching the new face in an increasing number of serially presented faces. We found that female rhesus monkeys looked longer at faces of male rhesus monkeys during the peri-ovulatory period of the cycle in the VP. Such effects were absent for faces of other species. Heightened interest for stimuli of significant reproductive relevance during periods of high conception risk may help guide social and sexual behavior in the rhesus monkey. Similar effects were absent in the chimpanzee, a species closer to humans, consistent with the hypothesis of greater independence of behavior from neuroendocrine contro