RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY AND EXTRACORPOREAL ADSORPTION THERAPY STUDIES IN MACAQUES

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This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. This study evaluated radiolabeled antibody therapy as a means to improve the outcome of bone marrow transplantation for hematologic malignancies. The majority of the human clinical experience to date is with iodine-labeled and yttrium-labeled antibodies. Although the initial response rates to this therapy have been high, most patients subsequently relapse. Our efforts are aimed at improving the efficacy and diminishing the toxicity of this treatment modality by removing the proportion of radiation activity that fails to reach the target tissues and remains in the bloodstream, leading to non-target tissue damage. We use a process called extracorporeal adsorption therapy (ECAT). This consists of removing the portion of antibody that is in the circulation unbound to target tissues by cycling the blood into a column containing a special material that traps the radioactive molecules and then returns the blood back into the circulation. The objective of our pilot study is to demonstrate that the injection of radiolabeled antibody and the ECAT procedure could be performed safely, and that we could reproduce the results observed elsewhere. Specifically we seek to show that the blood can be effectively cleared of unbound radioisotope, by using the ECAT filtration system. Further, we aim to show that this procedure will improve the ratio of radiation delivered to target cells, as compared to normal tissues.