COMPARISON OF DIETS ON GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND CV RISK FACTORS

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This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Diet is an important component of the treatment plan for diabetes. Patients with diabetes are currently advised to consume 60-70% of their daily calories as carbohydrate and monounsaturated fat. This recommendation makes no distinction between high carbohydrate and high monounsaturated fat diets. Studies performed in carefully controlled settings have shown some potential advantages of high monounsaturated fat diets, such as improvement of lipid levels in the blood and, in some cases, lower blood glucose levels. It is unknown whether the improvements shown in these small, short-term studies could be maintained over longer periods in free-living subjects. The purpose of this study is to determine whether high monounsaturated fat diets or high carbohydrate diets are more beneficial to persons with type 2 diabetes. We will study a group of 120 type 2 diabetic subjects randomly assigned to a high monounsaturated fat or high carbohydrate diet for one year. We will determine the effects of diet on 1) body weight, 2) body composition, 3) blood glucose control, and 4) cardiovascular risk factors, such as blood pressure and plasma lipids. The results of this study will provide critical information about diabetic diet recommendations for optimal health.