Training-Mental Retardation/Developmental Disabilities

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请为迈阿密大学应用发展心理学培训项目（ADPT）寻求资助。该计划的重点是发展有关与发育障碍相关的社会心理风险因素的知识，特别是贫困儿童特有的风险因素。虽然 ADPT 为集中研究自闭症等主要综合症提供了机会，但主要重点是了解较轻程度的发育迟缓或残疾（例如学习障碍、轻度 MR、语言发育迟缓），这些现象在患有严重发育困难的人中所占比例很大，而且比例还在不断增加。许多 ADPT 研究活动在社区内的医院、学校和私人机构中进行。这些研究生培训经验使学生能够在我国大都市地区越来越多地遇到的各种多民族和多文化环境中有效地发挥作用。 ADPT 教师是多学科的，成员来自心理学、儿科和教育学。培训的重点包括使用流行病学方法量化风险和降低风险，开发早期识别发育障碍儿童的新技术，开发新的干预方法以改善多种风险因素、生物和社会侮辱对发育的影响，以及评估对智力低下和发育障碍的婴儿和儿童以及这些发育问题高危人群的早期干预措施的有效性。 ADPT 提供的设施多种多样，包括 Mailman 儿童发展中心、Linda Ray 儿童中心（一个社区设施，致力于对因接触物质以及虐待和忽视的联合影响而面临 DD 风险的婴幼儿进行研究和培训）以及自闭症和相关残疾中心，该中心为自闭症阿斯伯格综合症和其他相关残疾的研究和培训提供机会。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application seeks funding for the Applied Developmental Psychology Training program (ADPT) at the University of Miami. This program focuses on the development of knowledge concerning the psychosocial risk factors associated with developmental disabilities, especially those risk factors endemic to children raised in poverty. While the ADPT provides opportunities for concentrated studies in major syndromes, such as autism, the main emphasis is on understanding lesser degrees of retardation or disability (e.g., learning disabilities, mild MR, language delay) that account for a large and growing proportion of people with significant developmental difficulties. Many of the ADPT research activities occur in hospitals, schools and private agencies within the community. These graduate training experiences equip students to function effectively in a wide variety of multi-ethnic and multicultural settings that are increasingly encountered in metropolitan areas of our country. The ADPT faculty is multidisciplinary, with members from Psychology, Pediatrics and Education. The focus of the training ranges from the use of epidemiological methodology to quantify risk and risk reduction to the development of new techniques for early identification of children with developmental disabilities and the development of new intervention approaches toward ameliorating the effects of multiple risk factors, biological and social insults to development, and the assessment of the effectiveness of early interventions for infants and children with mental retardation and developmental disabilities, and those at high risk for these developmental problems. The facilities available to ADPT are diverse and include the Mailman Center for Child Development, the Linda Ray Children's Center a community based facility dedicated to research and training with infants and toddlers who are at risk for DD through substance exposure and the allied effects of abuse and neglect, and the Center for Autism and Related Disabilities, which provides opportunities for research and training on autism Asperger's syndrome, and other related disabilities.