Training-Mental Retardation/Developmental Disabilities

描述(由申请人提供)：本申请旨在为迈阿密大学的应用发展心理学培训项目(ADPT)提供资金。该方案的重点是发展有关与发育障碍有关的心理社会风险因素的知识，特别是那些贫困儿童特有的风险因素。虽然ADPT提供了集中研究自闭症等主要症状的机会，但主要强调了解较轻程度的发育迟缓或残疾(例如，学习障碍、轻度精神发育迟缓、语言迟缓)，这些障碍或残疾在严重发育困难的人中所占比例很大，而且比例不断上升。ADPT的许多研究活动都发生在社区内的医院、学校和私人机构。这些研究生培训经验使学生能够在我国大都市地区日益增多的各种多民族和多文化环境中有效地发挥作用。ADPT的教职员工是多学科的，成员来自心理学、儿科学和教育学。培训的重点从使用流行病学方法来量化风险和减少风险，到开发早期识别发育残疾儿童的新技术，制定新的干预方法，以改善多种风险因素、生物和社会对发育的侮辱的影响，以及评估对患有智力低下和发育残疾的婴儿和儿童以及这些发展问题的高危儿童进行早期干预的有效性。ADPT的设施多种多样，包括梅尔曼儿童发展中心、琳达·雷儿童中心，这是一个社区机构，致力于研究和培训因药物暴露以及滥用和忽视的相关影响而有可能患上痴呆症的婴幼儿，以及自闭症和相关残疾中心，该中心为自闭症阿斯伯格综合症和其他相关残疾提供研究和培训机会。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application seeks funding for the Applied Developmental Psychology Training program (ADPT) at the University of Miami. This program focuses on the development of knowledge concerning the psychosocial risk factors associated with developmental disabilities, especially those risk factors endemic to children raised in poverty. While the ADPT provides opportunities for concentrated studies in major syndromes, such as autism, the main emphasis is on understanding lesser degrees of retardation or disability (e.g., learning disabilities, mild MR, language delay) that account for a large and growing proportion of people with significant developmental difficulties. Many of the ADPT research activities occur in hospitals, schools and private agencies within the community. These graduate training experiences equip students to function effectively in a wide variety of multi-ethnic and multicultural settings that are increasingly encountered in metropolitan areas of our country. The ADPT faculty is multidisciplinary, with members from Psychology, Pediatrics and Education. The focus of the training ranges from the use of epidemiological methodology to quantify risk and risk reduction to the development of new techniques for early identification of children with developmental disabilities and the development of new intervention approaches toward ameliorating the effects of multiple risk factors, biological and social insults to development, and the assessment of the effectiveness of early interventions for infants and children with mental retardation and developmental disabilities, and those at high risk for these developmental problems. The facilities available to ADPT are diverse and include the Mailman Center for Child Development, the Linda Ray Children's Center a community based facility dedicated to research and training with infants and toddlers who are at risk for DD through substance exposure and the allied effects of abuse and neglect, and the Center for Autism and Related Disabilities, which provides opportunities for research and training on autism Asperger's syndrome, and other related disabilities.