Training-Mental Retardation/Developmental Disabilities

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请旨在为迈阿密大学的应用发展心理学培训计划（ADPT）寻求资金。该项目侧重于发展与发育性残疾有关的社会心理风险因素的知识，特别是那些贫困儿童特有的风险因素。虽然ADPT为主要综合征（如自闭症）的集中研究提供了机会，但主要重点是了解较轻程度的发育迟缓或残疾（如学习障碍、轻度MR、语言迟缓），这些障碍在有重大发育困难的人群中所占的比例越来越大。ADPT的许多研究活动是在医院、学校和社区内的私人机构进行的。这些研究生培训经验使学生能够在我国大都市地区日益遇到的各种多民族和多元文化环境中有效地发挥作用。ADPT的教师是多学科的，包括心理学、儿科学和教育学。培训的重点包括使用流行病学方法来量化风险和减少风险，开发早期识别发育性残疾儿童的新技术，以及开发新的干预办法，以改善多种风险因素、生物和社会对发展的损害的影响，以及评估早期干预对婴儿和有智力迟钝和发育障碍的儿童的有效性，以及那些有这些发育问题高风险的儿童。ADPT可以使用的设施多种多样，包括邮差儿童发展中心，琳达·雷儿童中心（一个社区设施，致力于研究和培训婴幼儿，这些婴幼儿由于接触物质以及虐待和忽视的相关影响而有患DD的风险），以及自闭症和相关残疾中心，该中心为自闭症阿斯伯格综合症和其他相关残疾提供研究和培训的机会。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application seeks funding for the Applied Developmental Psychology Training program (ADPT) at the University of Miami. This program focuses on the development of knowledge concerning the psychosocial risk factors associated with developmental disabilities, especially those risk factors endemic to children raised in poverty. While the ADPT provides opportunities for concentrated studies in major syndromes, such as autism, the main emphasis is on understanding lesser degrees of retardation or disability (e.g., learning disabilities, mild MR, language delay) that account for a large and growing proportion of people with significant developmental difficulties. Many of the ADPT research activities occur in hospitals, schools and private agencies within the community. These graduate training experiences equip students to function effectively in a wide variety of multi-ethnic and multicultural settings that are increasingly encountered in metropolitan areas of our country. The ADPT faculty is multidisciplinary, with members from Psychology, Pediatrics and Education. The focus of the training ranges from the use of epidemiological methodology to quantify risk and risk reduction to the development of new techniques for early identification of children with developmental disabilities and the development of new intervention approaches toward ameliorating the effects of multiple risk factors, biological and social insults to development, and the assessment of the effectiveness of early interventions for infants and children with mental retardation and developmental disabilities, and those at high risk for these developmental problems. The facilities available to ADPT are diverse and include the Mailman Center for Child Development, the Linda Ray Children's Center a community based facility dedicated to research and training with infants and toddlers who are at risk for DD through substance exposure and the allied effects of abuse and neglect, and the Center for Autism and Related Disabilities, which provides opportunities for research and training on autism Asperger's syndrome, and other related disabilities.