Neural Computations Underlying Visual Preception

为了了解发生在人类视觉系统中的计算，并最终缓解疾病， 了解该系统在自然情况下是如何工作的是至关重要的。尽管取得了巨大的成功， 在过去40年的神经生理学研究中，几乎所有的数据都收集在 极大地简化了行为情况，并简化了视觉输入。建议的长期目标是 研究旨在阐明在自然视觉情况下负责感知的神经处理 人类经历了。初步数据显示，自然视觉的关键要素包括眼跳和 自然视觉环境对初级视皮层的信息表征有显著影响。它 似乎只有通过自然的视觉输入才能完全理解视觉处理的基本方面 和行为。拟议的实验将确定自然背景和模式的关键作用 眼球运动和注视有两个具体目的：1)解释为什么眼跳在眼球运动中起重要作用 塑造V1反应。2)确定视觉环境的空间和时间方面在 自然的视觉。这些实验背后的理论基础是，为了填补我们对 我们必须进行自然视觉处理的实验，逐步在 传统的实验室范例和自然视野。这项拟议研究的意义在于它 迈出了关键的下一步，使我们更接近了解视觉系统的功能 人类遇到的情况。这是致力于解决视力缺陷所需的知识。

To understand the computations that take place in the human visual system and ultimately palliate disorders, it is essential to know how the system works in natural situations. Despite the immense success of neurophysiological research over the past forty years, it is the case that virtually all data were collected in greatly simplified behavioral situations and with simplified visual input. The long term goal of the proposed research is to elucidate the neural processing responsible for perception in natural visual situations that humans experience. Preliminary data show that key elements of natural vision including saccades and natural visual context have significant effects on the representation of information in primary visual cortex. It appears that fundamental aspects of visual processing can only be fully understood with natural visual input and behavior. The proposed experiments will establish the critical roles of natural context and patterns of eye movements and fixations in two specific aims: 1) Explain why saccades play a fundamental role in shaping V1 responses. 2) Identify the spatial and temporal aspects of visual context that are important in natural vision. The rationale behind the experiments is that in order to fill the gap in our understanding of natural visual processing we must conduct experiments that progressively build a bridge between conventional laboratory paradigms and natural vision. The significance of the proposed research is that it takes the next critical step bringing us significantly closer to an understanding of visual system function in situations encountered by humans. This is the knowledge needed to work toward solutions to visual deficits.