UNDERSTANDING NEIGHBORHOOD IMPACTS OF HEALTH

了解社区健康的影响

• 批准号: 7496868
• 负责人: NICOLE LURIE
• 金额: $ 1.81万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-18 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7496868
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adult; Affect; Agreement; Area; Asthma; Atherosclerosis; Attention; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Factors; Biological Markers; Biology; Budgets; Businesses; Cancer Family; Cardiovascular system; Caring; Categories; Censuses; Characteristics; Chicago; Child; Cities; Clinical; Cognitive; Collection; Commit; Communication; Communities; Community Developments; Community Healthcare; Complex; Condition; Country; Data; Data Set; Data Sources; Databases; Decision Making; Degenerative Disorder; Development; Disease; District of Columbia; Economic Policy; Educational workshop; Elderly; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Equilibrium; Exposure to; Face; Fellowship; Fostering; Funding; Gene Expression; General Population; Genetic; Geographic Locations; Goals; Growth; Health; Health Status; Health behavior; Healthcare; Healthy People 2010; Heart Diseases; Hormonal; Hospitals; Housing; Human; Human Genome; Income; Individual; Infant Mortality; Injury; Institutes; Institution; Israel; Justice; Knowledge; Leadership; Learning; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Expectancy; Life Stress; Link; Literature; Local Government; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal Surveys; Los Angeles; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Medical; Medicine; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentors; Metabolic; Metabolism; Methods; Minority Groups; Modeling; NCI Scholars Program; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Natural experiment; Neighborhoods; Numbers; Organism; Outcome; Oxidative Stress; Parking Facilities; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Physical activity; Physiology; Pilot Projects; Plague; Policies; Policy Research; Population; Positioning Attribute; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Premature Birth; Primary carcinoma of the liver cells; Process; Property; Public Policy; Quality Control; Race; Range; Recommendation; Recording of previous events; Regulatory Pathway; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Resource Sharing; Resources; Respondent; Retirement; Role; Sampling; Schools; Scientist; Selection Bias; Series; Site; Skin; Small-Area Variations; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Socioeconomic Status; Sociology; Specific qualifier value; Statutes and Laws; Stress; Structure; Students; Sum; Surveys; Training Programs; Transportation; USA Georgia; United States; United States National Center for Health Statistics; Universities; Urination; Washington; Weather; Well in self; Western Asia Georgia; Work; allostatic load; base; body system; cancer genetics; career; cohort; community based participatory research; concept; day; density; design; desire; functional decline; functional status; gene environment interaction; health disparity; improved; indexing; interdisciplinary approach; interdisciplinary collaboration; land use; low socioeconomic status; member; minority health; multilevel analysis; nutrition; outreach; pollutant; prenatal exposure; programs; prospective; psychologic; social; symposium; wasting

Neighborhoods impact a host of health outcomes, including infant mortality, the development of asthma and heart disease and life expectancy, independent of personal characteristics. The pathways through which neighborhoods 'get under the skin', are only partly understood. This center will study neighborhood influences on health, focusing on those characteristics of neighborhoods that are potentially amenable to change through changes in public policy. The Center has the following goals: 1) To conduct research to explain how neighborhoods contribute to health throughout the life cycle, including through biological pathways and health behaviors 2) To develop a rich data resource that can be used to advance the understanding of how neighborhoods influence health, and the biological pathways through which such influences work. 3) To develop robust community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnerships within each of the 3 cities in which RAND is located, involving both community-based organizations and academic institutions. 4) To develop and foster a community of interdisciplinary researchers (including social and basic scientists) focused on the social determinants of health, specifically the role of neighborhoods in health. 5) To contribute to improving public policies that can improve population health through a set of policy recommendations that are developed from the results of the Center's research. The Center, which places a high priority on community-based participatory research, will be composed of 4 projects, 2 pilots, and 2 cores. Projects span 3 levels of analysis: biological, social/environmental, and behavioral/psychological. Project 1 will examine the impact of a large natural experiment involving the development and renovation of recreational facilities on physical activity and other health outcomes. Project 2 will study neighborhood factors that impact the functional and cognitive aspects of the disabling process in the elderly. Project 3 examines the relationships between neighborhoods and biological markers of allostatic load. Project 4 studies the impact of the built environment on mental health. Pilot 1 examines the impact of neighborhoods on oxidative stress and preterm birth. Pilot 2 examines gene-environment interactions in prostate cancer. An administrative core will support the entire project. A data and methods core provides data and computing support, and serves as a focus for intellectual activity around measurement and statistical issues.

社区影响着许多健康结果，包括婴儿死亡率、哮喘的发展和疾病