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Tranquillity of external spaces / influence of acoustic and visual factors

外部空间的宁静/声学和视觉因素的影响

基本信息

批准号：
EP/F055986/1
负责人：
Kirill Horoshenkov
金额：
$ 21.11万
依托单位：
University of Bradford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2008 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FF055986%2F1
关键词：
Tranquillity external spaces influence acoustic

项目摘要

Despite still having around 27,000 public parks and gardens the number of tranquil spaces in the UK is becoming seriously compromised and has prompted systematic research into tranquillity mapping and the identification and protection of Quiet Areas. A systematic study into factors affecting tranquility is urgently needed in response to the European Directive on the Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise (END). Although defining quiet areas in accordance with the END using purely acoustical measures is an important step in protecting tranquil spaces, there is a need to go further and integrate both aural and visual factors into an overall descriptor that will be sufficiently precise and practical. There have been several attempts to study the cross-modal interaction and the link between the perceived degree of noise annoyance and specific visual settings. However, the relevant importance of visual and auditory stimuli for the construction of a tranquil space is far from being understood. The purpose of this work is to complete a detailed investigation on how the auditory and visual stimuli influence the perception of tranquillity in order to develop robust design tools for use in designing and protecting tranquil spaces in urban and rural locations. A unique feature of this project is the focused attempt to determine the bimodal estimate of tranquillity for a combined audiovisual scene. For this purpose a coherent team of optometry and acoustics experts has been assembled. The proposed work is a combination of field data collection and laboratory analysis. The work aims to achieve better understanding of the effects of visual and audio stimuli on the perception of tranquillity of rural and urban landscapes, refine a newly proposed engineering tool for the design of external tranquil spaces with a highly variable audio and visual characteristics and to provide multi-disciplinary training for MSc/PhD students, research and academic staff. For the first time a systematic work on the multisensory perception of tranquillity of external spaces affected by sounds will be examined using avanced method of integration of information. A representative range of locations will be identified at which audio and visual recordings will be taken based on a previously obtained database of landscape types. Special software will be developed to analyse objectively the termporal and spectral characteristics of the recordings. The recorded data will be also analysed using a representative number of subjects recruited for the new tests. Two unique psycho-acoustic suites available at the Universities of Bradford and Sheffield will be used for these experiments. The dependent variables will include an overall rating of tranquillity and the independent variables will include noise descriptors, sound quality indicators and visual parameters such as the space occupied by natural features in the scene and the number of people present. The results of the objective measurements and the subjective experiments will be merged with the existing tranquillity assessment database and analysed using appropriate software. A unique outdoor area (Peace Garden) on campus has been recently developed. This facility will be used to conduct experiments on tranquillity to test the developed design tool. The creation of the garden which is nearing completion was a result of a joint effort between various Schools at the Universities of Bradford and Sheffield who foresaw its use for a variety of research purposes including studies of tranquillity. The work will involve MSc/PhD students who study courses in Engineering, Life Sciences and Multimedia.

尽管英国仍有大约27，000个公园和花园，但英国宁静空间的数量正在受到严重影响，并促使人们对宁静地图以及宁静区域的识别和保护进行系统研究。为了响应欧洲环境噪声评估和管理指令（END），迫切需要对影响宁静的因素进行系统研究。虽然根据END使用纯粹的声学措施定义安静区域是保护安静空间的重要一步，但需要进一步将听觉和视觉因素整合到一个足够精确和实用的整体描述中。已经有几个尝试来研究跨模态的相互作用和噪声烦恼的感知程度和特定的视觉设置之间的联系。然而，视觉和听觉刺激对于构建宁静空间的重要性还远未被理解。这项工作的目的是完成一个详细的调查，听觉和视觉刺激如何影响宁静的感知，以开发强大的设计工具，用于设计和保护城市和农村地区的宁静空间。这个项目的一个独特之处是集中精力，试图确定一个组合的视听场景的宁静的双峰估计。为此目的，已经组建了一个由验光师和声学专家组成的协调一致的团队。拟议的工作是现场数据收集和实验室分析的结合。这项工作旨在更好地理解视觉和听觉刺激对农村和城市景观宁静感的影响，完善新提出的工程工具，用于设计具有高度可变的视听特性的外部宁静空间，并为硕士/博士生，研究人员和学术人员提供多学科培训。第一次系统的多感官感知受声音影响的外部空间的安宁的工作将使用先进的信息整合方法进行检查。将根据先前获得的景观类型数据库确定一系列有代表性的地点，在这些地点进行音频和视频记录。将开发专门的软件来客观地分析记录的时间和光谱特征。还将使用新测试招募的代表性受试者数量对记录的数据进行分析。布拉德福德大学和谢菲尔德大学的两个独特的心理声学套件将用于这些实验。因变量将包括安宁的总体评级，自变量将包括噪声描述符、声音质量指标和视觉参数，例如场景中自然特征所占据的空间和在场的人数。客观测量和主观实验的结果将与现有的安宁评估数据库合并，并使用适当的软件进行分析。校园内一个独特的户外区域（和平花园）最近已经开发。该设施将被用来进行实验的安宁，以测试开发的设计工具。花园的创建已接近完成是布拉德福德大学和谢菲尔德大学各学院共同努力的结果，他们预见到它可用于各种研究目的，包括宁静研究。这项工作将涉及硕士/博士生谁学习工程，生命科学和多媒体课程。