ENGINEERED HIERARCHICAL NANOSTRUCTURES FOR OPTIMISED HYBRID PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES

该项目的总体目标是在中观和宏观尺度上产生具有定义架构的分层结构，以优化有机-无机混合太阳能电池的效率。为了使太阳能在经济上更加可行，需要逐步改变使用太阳能电池发电的成本。要实现这种对太阳能经济的颠覆，有必要显著提高光伏器件的性价比。在这次大挑战中，我们打算开发新型混合电池，由廉价的无机电子传输矩阵和易于制造的既吸收光又传输空穴的有机分子组成。通过在纳米尺度上设计材料之间的界面，电池的效率将得到最大化。在我们开发混合电池的过程中，一个关键的考虑因素是将规模和生产成本降至最低。我们提出的路线是基于对太阳能电池各组成部分的顺序溶液处理；低温、低压；该方法具有固有的可扩展性，并且易于集成到当前的制造实践中，包括卷对卷技术。我们最大的挑战是开发无机-有机-混合-光伏电池，通过纳米级的界面工程，使其比现有的设备更具成本效益。该项目将是伦敦帝国理工学院的伦敦纳米技术中心和华威大学的合资企业。与来自新西兰麦克戴密德先进材料和纳米技术研究所的同事（特别是在沉积过程建模领域）和英国柯达公司（与规模扩大活动联系）的合作已经到位。项目团队在利用纳米结构无机物和有机半导体小分子加工方面的最新发展方面具有独特的优势；并汇集了这样一个跨学科项目所需的一系列互补技术。

The overall aim of this project is to generate hierarchical structures with defined architectures at both the meso and macro scale, in order to optimise the efficiency of organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells. To make solar energy more economically viable requires a step-change in the cost of electricity produced using solar cells. To achieve such a disruption in the economics of solar energy it is necessary to significantly improve the cost perfomance ratio of photovoltaic devices. In this Grand Challenge we intend to develop novel hybrid-cells consisting of cheap inorganic electron transport matrices and readily manufactured organic molecules that both absorb light and transport holes. The efficiency of the cells will be maximized by engineering the interface between the materials on the nanoscale. A key consideration throughout our development of hybrid-cells will be the minimization of scale-up and production costs. The route we propose is based on sequential solution processing of each component of the solar cell; low temperature and pressure; minimal waste and low tech. The approach is inhernetly scalable and readily intergarted into current manufacturing practises inlcuding roll-to-roll technology. Our Grand Challenge is to develop inorganic-organic-hybrid-photovoltaic cells which through interface engineering at the nanoscale are significantly more cost effective than currently available devices.The programme will be a joint venture btween the London Centre for Nanotechnology at Imperial College London and Warwick Univeristy. Collaborations are in place with Colleaugues from the McDairmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology in NZ (specifically in the area of modelling of deposition processes) and with Kodak, UK (with links to scale-up activity). The project team are uniquely placed to capitalise on recent developments in the processing of nanostructured inorganics and in organic semiconductor small molecules; and brings together the range of complimetnary techniques required for such an interdisciplinary programme.