Random Digit Dialing Methodology for the 21st Century

描述（由申请人提供）：二十多年来，随机数字拨号（ROD）一直是美国基于人群的病例对照研究招募对照的一种有价值的工具。传统的ROD方法只对有固定电话的家庭进行研究资格筛选。拥有移动电话但没有固定电话服务的家庭的总体比例从2003年的2%迅速增加到2005年的10%。有证据表明，这一比例在未来将继续增加。由于只使用移动电话服务的个人比一般人口更年轻、更不富裕、更不可能结婚，传统固定电话ROD的抽样框架可能特别不具有这些群体的代表性。然而，关于只使用手机服务的个人与使用固定电话服务的个人之间的生活方式特征差异的现有数据有限，这与许多流行病学研究有关。目前尚不清楚将移动电话纳入ROD抽样框架是否可行，以及仅使用移动电话的个人的特征是否与使用固定电话的人有足够的不同，以保证额外的努力和费用。拟议的研究将开发、实地测试和评估双框架ROD样本，其中将包括固定电话和移动电话。随机抽取了550名年龄在20-44岁之间、有移动电话但没有固定电话服务的男性和女性，并对他们进行了电话调查。这些男性和女性的选定特征将与800名相同年龄和性别的受访者进行比较，这些受访者使用传统的ROD方法通过固定电话招募，在相似的时间段进行了两项病例对照研究。本研究结果将对未来ROD在流行病学研究中的应用具有重要意义。描述：研究癌症原因的一种常用方法是将诊断为癌症的人的特征（如饮食、病史和家族史）与对照组的非癌症患者进行比较。确定一个好的对照组的最有用的方法之一是一个叫做随机数字拨号（ROD）的过程，它包括通过拨打随机生成的电话号码来招募对照组。传统的ROD排除了只使用手机的人，因此这项研究将评估排除这些人可能会在多大程度上影响调查癌症原因的研究，因为只使用手机的人的特征可能与使用固定电话的人不同。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Random digit dialing (ROD) has been a valuable tool for recruiting controls for population-based case-control studies in the United States for more than twenty years. Traditional ROD methods screen only households with landline telephones for study eligibility. The overall proportion of households with cellular but no landline telephone service has increased rapidly from 2% in 2003 to 10% in 2005. There is evidence that this proportion will continue to increase in the future. Since individuals with cellular-only telephone service are younger, less affluent and less likely to be married than the general population, the sampling frame for traditional landline ROD may be particularly unrepresentative of these groups. However, there are only limited available data regarding differences in lifestyle characteristics between individuals with cell phone- only service versus those with landline service which are relevant to many epidemiologic studies. It is unclear if it is feasible to include cellular telephones in ROD sampling frames and if characteristics of individuals with only cell phones are different enough from those with landline telephones to warrant the additional effort and expense. The proposed study will develop, field test and evaluate a dual-frame ROD sample that will include both landline and cellular telephones. Five hundred fifty randomly selected men and women 20-44 years of age with cellular telephones, but no landline telephone service, will be identified and interviewed by telephone. Selected characteristics of these men and women will be compared to 800 respondents of the same age and gender with landline telephones recruited using traditional ROD methods for two case-control studies conducted during similar time periods. The results of this study will have important implications for the future use of ROD for epidemiologic studies. Lav description: A common way of studying the causes of cancer is to compare the characteristics (such as diet, medical history, and family history) of people diagnosed with cancer to a control group of people without cancer. One of the most useful methods of identifying a good control group is a process called random digit dialing (ROD), which involves recruiting controls by dialing randomly generated phone numbers. Traditional ROD has excluded people who only have a cell phone, and so this study will evaluate the extent to which excluding these people could bias studies that investigate the causes of cancer, since the characteristics of people who only have a cell phone may be different from those who have a landline phone.