Computational Models of Motor Tasks

项目5的总体目标将是表征通过基底神经节和小脑的皮质下回路在运动程序整合中的功能作用。我们将使用双腔记录技术来研究成对的神经元，一个在额叶皮层的目标区域，另一个在苍白球或小脑核。将基于皮层下神经元经由丘脑向皮层神经元发送突触输入的可能性来选择皮层和皮层下神经元对。通过这种方式，可以同时研究这对部位的单个单元，而猴子则执行跨时间整合运动程序的任务。我们将研究的三项任务旨在与PPG其他项目中正在研究的任务并行，以便我们能够从运动系统研究的综合计划所促进的密切互动中获得最佳收益。为了与项目2对接，我们将研究在执行任务时引入的小扰动引起的误差的在线校正。为了与项目3对接，我们将研究通过长时间的练习所学到的熟练动作序列的执行。为了与项目4对接，我们将研究复制几何图形时的顺序移动。我们将使用配对部位单单位记录和拮抗剂的显微注射来观察皮层下部位。通过这种方式，我们将研究如何从单个神经元的输出信号位于通过基底神经节和小脑功能的确定通道，以调节同时记录从皮层神经元的信号。

The overall goal of Project 5 will be characterize the functional role of subcortical loops through the basal ganglia and through the cerebellum in the integration of motor programs across time. We will use a dual-chamber recording technique to study pairs of neurons, one in a targeted area of the frontal cortex and the other in the globus pallidus or in the cerebellar nucleus. A cortical and a subcortical neuron pair will be selected based on the likelihood that the subcortical neuron sends synaptic input, via thalamus, to the cortical neuron. In this manner, single units at the pair of sites can be studied simultaneously, while a monkey performs a task that integrates motor programs across time. The three tasks that we will study are designed are designed to parallel the tasks being studied in other projects of this PPG, so that we can profit optimally from the close interactions promoted by this comprehensive program of motor systems research. To interface with Project 2, we will study the on-line correction of errors that result from small perturbations introduced while the task is being performed. To interface with Project 3, we will study the execution of skilled movement sequences that have been learned through extended periods of practice. To interface with Project 4, we will study the sequential movements made when copying geometrical figures. We will use both paired-site single unit recordings and microinjection of antagonists to inactivate the subcortical site. In this manner, we will investigate how output signals from single neurons located in identified channels passing through the basal ganglia and through the cerebellum function to regulate the signals that are simultaneously recorded from a cortical neuron.