HIV Risk Behavior of Adult Minority Heterosexual Men in New York City

纽约市成年少数族裔异性恋男性的艾滋病毒风险行为

• 批准号: 7621187
• 负责人: James M McMahon
• 金额: $ 49.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7621187
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV diagnosis; AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Affect; African American; Age; Age-Years; Area; Back; Behavior; Bisexual; Budgets; Cause of Death; Clinic; Collaborations; Communities; Computer Assisted; Data Analyses; Decision Making; Development; Disadvantaged; Economic Recession; Economics; Enrollment; Ensure; Epidemic; Equation; Ethnic Origin; Exclusion; Fees; Female; Funding; Future; Gender; Gender Role; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV Seropositivity; Health behavior; Hepatitis B Virus; Hepatitis C virus; Heterosexuals; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Individual; Inequality; Infection; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Latina; Latino; Life; Living Wills; Low income; Male Condoms; Methods; Minority; Modeling; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; New York City; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Phase; Play; Population; Prevalence; Prevention Research; Prevention program; Questionnaires; Race; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Role; Route; Safe Sex; Sampling; Sex Behavior; Sexual Transmission; Specific qualifier value; Stimulus; Structure; Subgroup; Techniques; Testing; TimeLine; To specify; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Woman; Work; aged; base; design; high risk; human subject protection; male; men; neglect; prevent; primary care setting; protective behavior; psychosocial; public health priorities; sex; sex risk; social; social inequality; surveillance data; theories; transmission process; trend

The proposed study will focus on an essential but neglected area of HIV prevention research: sexual behavior and determinants of HIV risk among HIV seropositive adult African American and Latino men who have sex with women (MSW) in urban settings. Heterosexual transmission of HIV has steadily increased in recent years and now accounts for over one-third of all new HIV/AIDS diagnoses in the U.S.—and 80% among women. Minority women are especially vulnerable to sexually acquired HIV. Social and cultural norms that reinforce gender inequalities often prevent minority women from enacting safe sex practices with male partners. This has led researchers to focus on women's sexual risk behavior and the development of HIV prevention programs targeted to women, often to the exclusion of men. However, male condom use remains under the control of men, and culturally sanctioned social norms afford men greater power with respect to sexual behavior and decision-making. Despite the central role played by HIV positive adult minority men in the heterosexual transmission of HIV, little is known about their sexual practices, and the psychosocial, contextual, and cultural factors underlying men’s risk behavior. The proposed 2-year study will help fill this gap using a mixed methods design involving 324 HIV positive adult MSW recruited from primary care settings in Harlem and South Bronx in New York City. This research will be guided by an integrated conceptual framework of MSW sexual risk behavior, synthesized from current health behavior theory and refined through qualitative interviews. A structured quantitative questionnaire will be administered to participants using audio computer assisted self-interview (ACASI) techniques. The questionnaire will include items documenting the range, variation, patterns, and networks of adult men’s heterosexual behavior, and related determinants. Structural equation modeling will be used to specify and validate an empirical model of HIV positive men’s sexual risk that will inform HIV prevention efforts targeting secondary heterosexual transmission of HIV to women in high prevalence communities.

拟议的研究将集中在一个重要的，但被忽视的艾滋病毒预防研究领域：艾滋病毒血清阳性的成年非洲裔美国人和拉丁美洲男子与妇女发生性关系（MSW）在城市环境中的艾滋病毒风险的性行为和决定因素。近年来，艾滋病毒的异性传播稳步增加，现在占美国所有新艾滋病毒/艾滋病诊断的三分之一以上。80%是女性。少数群体妇女特别容易通过性行为感染艾滋病毒。强化性别不平等的社会和文化规范往往阻碍少数群体妇女与男性伴侣实行安全的性行为。这导致研究人员关注妇女的性风险行为，并制定针对妇女的艾滋病毒预防计划，而往往将男子排除在外。然而，男用避孕套的使用仍然由男子控制，文化认可的社会规范在性行为和性决策方面给予男子更大的权力。尽管艾滋病毒阳性的成年少数民族男子在异性传播艾滋病毒中发挥了核心作用，但人们对他们的性行为以及男性风险行为背后的社会心理、背景和文化因素知之甚少。拟议的2年研究将有助于填补这一空白，使用混合方法设计，涉及324名艾滋病毒阳性成人城市固体废物招募的初级保健设置在哈莱姆和南布朗克斯在纽约市。本研究将以都市固体废物性风险行为的整合概念架构为指导，综合目前的健康行为理论，并透过质性访谈加以提炼。将使用音频计算机辅助自我访谈（ACASI）技术对参与者进行结构化定量问卷调查。问卷将包括记录成年男性异性恋行为的范围、变化、模式和网络以及相关决定因素的项目。结构方程模型将用于指定和验证艾滋病毒阳性男性的性风险的经验模型，这将告知艾滋病毒预防工作，针对艾滋病毒的二次异性传播给妇女在高流行率社区。