Symptoms and Structure of Inhalant Use Disorders

描述（由主要研究者提供）：吸入剂是一个严重的公共卫生问题。它们是最常见和有害的物质使用形式之一，也是主要毒品中研究最少的。吸入剂的使用与有害后果相关联，其危害可与其他滥用药物的特点相媲美或超过。它们不成比例地影响弱势亚群体，包括穷人、特定少数群体、精神病患者以及涉及少年和刑事司法系统的人。吸入剂会导致“突然吸入死亡”和严重事故。关于吸入剂使用障碍的研究很少，这也反映在DSM-IV中对吸入剂使用障碍的描述很少。最近的研究结果对DSM-IV吸入剂使用障碍的可靠性和有效性提出了质疑，表明需要进一步研究问题吸入剂使用的维度和吸入剂使用障碍的关键体征和症状，包括耐受性和戒断。这些信息对于开发临床有用的诊断和评估工具、了解吸入剂使用者的全面治疗需求以及开发循证治疗是必要的。鉴于吸入剂使用障碍缺乏循证治疗，其重要性有所提高。拟议的研究将利用来自全国酒精及相关疾病流行病学调查（NESARC）的数据，帮助解决这些知识空白。NESARC是一项针对18岁及以上美国居民的全国代表性调查，是规模最大（N= 43093）和最近完成的精神病学流行病学研究之一。该数据源包含最大的社区吸入剂使用者样本之一的吸入剂相关体征/症状和障碍的DSM-IV一致性数据，以及I轴和II轴精神障碍。本研究将探讨吸入症状的患病率、相关性和意义；检验DSM-IV吸入剂使用障碍的潜在结构；并检查吸入剂使用障碍的诊断孤儿和替代症状配置。

DESCRIPTION (provided by principal investigator): Inhalants are a serious public health concern. They are among the most common and pernicious forms of substance use and the least studied of the major drugs. Inhalant use is associated with harmful outcomes that rival or exceed those characteristic of other drugs of abuse. They disproportionately affect vulnerable subpopulations including the poor, select minority groups, the mentally ill, and persons involved with the juvenile and criminal justice systems. Inhalants can lead to "sudden sniffing death" and serious accidents. Very little research on inhalant use disorders exists, which is also reflected in minimal description of inhalant use disorders in the DSM-IV. Recent findings have raised questions about the reliability and validity of DSM-IV inhalant use disorders, indicating that further research is needed regarding the dimensionality of problematic inhalant use and key signs and symptoms of inhalant use disorders, including tolerance and withdrawal. This information is necessary to inform the development of clinically useful diagnostic and assessment tools, understand the full range of treatment needs of inhalant users, and to develop evidence-based treatments. The importance is elevated in light of the absence of evidenced-based treatments for inhalant use disorders. The proposed research will help address these gaps in knowledge using data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). NESARC is a nationally representative survey of U.S. residents 18 and older and is among the largest (N= 43,093) and most recently completed psychiatric epidemiological studies. This data source contains DSM-IV concordant data on inhalant-related signs/symptoms and disorders, in addition to Axis I and Axis II psychiatric disorders, for one of the largest community based samples of inhalant users. This study will examine the prevalence, associations, and significance of inhalant symptoms; test the latent structure of DSM-IV inhalant use disorders; and examine diagnostic orphans and alternate symptom configurations of inhalant use disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study examines the signs and symptoms associated with using inhalants. The purpose of this study is to better understand the course of inhalant use disorders, with a long-term goal of improving assessment and treatment.