From the Local Universe to the First Massive Galaxies: the New IRAS Surveys for the 21st Century

我们请求两个PDRA来连接当地的宇宙尘埃星系群和早期宇宙中的第一个大质量星系，使用来自两个新的主要天文设备的数据：英国詹姆斯·克莱克·麦克斯韦望远镜上的Scuba-2相机和日本的ASTRO-F太空望远镜。在局部宇宙中(即在低红移时)，星系的综合性质(如尘埃质量、温度)是星系内平均物理性质的可靠指标吗？在高红移时，只有综合属性可用；我们对本地星系的远红外-亚毫米分辨率映射可以解决这一问题。测量高红移演化的红移z=0光度函数是什么？高红移布居的模板光谱能量分布是什么？在高红移时，可见宇宙中最亮的星系是什么？在最大质量的球体中，活动星系核和恒星质量集合之间有什么联系？我们请求资金用于：(A)支持使用ASTRO-F全天巡天探测高红移发光天体(0.5PDRA FTE)和局部扩展星系(0.5PDRA FTE)，我们保证有时间访问该巡天观测；(B)0.5PDRA FTE支持Scuba-2全天巡天(Sassy)密切相关的工作，Serjeant是该调查的协调人；以及(C)0.5PDRA FTE支持Scuba-2遗留调查‘本星系中的物理过程’密切相关的工作，Serjeant也是协调人。这些主要的广域中/远红外线和亚毫米级传统调查将在未来几十年发挥IRAS在20世纪末所发挥的主导作用；IRAS自1983年以来迄今已产生44,000条引文，其在大范围天体物理领域的生产力仍未减弱。PDRA将承担Scuba-2全天调查的管道经理角色，并从Serjeant手中接管银河系外档案联系人的角色。这里要求的及时的PDRA支持对于快速公开提供Scuba-2遗留调查精细化数据产品(利用我们在Scuba-1 HDF-N、8mJy和Shades调查方面的广泛专业知识)以及在ASTRO-F保证时间的专有期间对ASTRO-F全天调查进行及时的科学利用至关重要。这些时间表从一开始(例如，在ASTRO-F阶段1全天测量的中期开始，以及在Scuba-2开始试运行前后)就需要一名具有高级技能的人员，因此这项工作显然不可能由博士生来完成。

We request two PDRAs to link the local Universe dusty galaxy population to the first massive galaxies in the early Universe, using data from two new major survey astronomical facilities: the SCUBA-2 camera on the UK's James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, and the Japanese ASTRO-F Space Telescope. In the local Universe (i.e. at low redshift), are integrated properties of galaxies (e.g. dust mass, temperature) reliable indicators of the mean physical properties within galaxies? At high-redshift, only integrated properties are available; our resolved far-IR-sub-mm mapping of local galaxies can address this. What are the redshift z=0 luminosity functions from which one measures the high-redshift evolution? What are the template spectral energy distributions for the high-redshift population? At high redshifts, what are the most luminous galaxies in the observable Universe? What are the links between active galactic nuclei and the stellar mass assembly in the most massive spheroids? We request funding for (a) supporting the detection of high-redshift luminous objects (0.5 PDRA FTE) and local extended galaxies (0.5 PDRA FTE) using the ASTRO-F All-Sky Survey, to which we have Guaranteed Time data access; (b) 0.5 PDRA FTE to support closely related work for the SCUBA-2 All Sky Survey (SASSy) in which Serjeant is a Co-ordinator, and (c) 0.5 PDRA FTE to support closely related work for the SCUBA-2 Legacy Survey 'Physical Processes in Galaxies in the Local Universe' in which Serjeant is also a Co-ordinator. These major wide-area mid/far-infrared and sub-mm legacy surveys will play the dominant role in the coming decades that IRAS played in the late 20th century; IRAS has generated >44,000 citations to date since 1983 and its productivity in an enormous range of astrophysical areas is still undiminished. The PDRA will assume the role of Pipeline Manager for the SCUBA-2 All Sky Survey and take over the role of Extragalactic Archive Contact from Serjeant. The timely PDRA support requested here is essential for the rapid public delivery of SCUBA-2 Legacy Survey refined data products (capitalising on our extensive expertise in the SCUBA-1 HDF-N, 8mJy and SHADES surveys), and for the timely science exploitation of the ASTRO-F All-Sky Survey during the proprietary period of the ASTRO-F guaranteed time. The timescales require a person with advanced skills from the outset (e.g. commencing in the middle of the ASTRO-F Phase 1 all-sky survey, and around the start of SCUBA-2 commissioning) and so it is clearly impossible for this work to be conducted by a PhD student.