A History of the Lamaze Method in the USSR, France and the US, 1930-80

现在，分娩准备在包括美国在内的世界大部分地区都是一种普遍现象，而“分娩准备”这个名字实际上就是这种成为父母的必经仪式的代名词。尽管事实上所有的美国父母都参加过分娩准备班，但没有人对这种做法的起源和演变进行过研究。这本书将精神预防的跨国故事置于冷战的背景下，这种精神预防在美国被称为拉马兹方法。这项研究重建了这种分娩准备方法从苏联到法国，然后到美国的传播。这本书的目的是通过对拉玛兹方法的历史起源和发展的研究，帮助提高当代产科实践的认识和意向性，特别是在疼痛管理选择方面。这种叙述将使产科专业人员和辅助专业人员对分娩和疼痛之间的联系有不同的看法，通过刺激对主流假设的反思和提出替代观点，有可能在日常实践中重塑患者与护理者的关系。

Childbirth preparation is now a universal phenomenon throughout much of the world, including the United States, and the name "Lamaze" is practically synonymous with this rite-of-passage en route to parenthood. Despite the fact that all American parents attend childbirth preparation classes, no study of this practice's origins and evolution has been undertaken. This book situates the transnational story of psychoprophylaxis, popularized in the United States as the Lamaze Method, against the backdrop of the Cold War. The study reconstructs the transmission of this method of childbirth preparation from the Soviet Union, to France, and then to the U.S. This book aims to help bring greater awareness and intentionality to contemporary obstetric practices, particularly with respect to pain management choices, through an examination of the historical origins and development of the Lamaze method. This narrative will expose obstetric professionals and paraprofessionals to different perspectives on the link between childbirth and pain, potentially reshaping the patient-caregiver relationship in everyday practice by stimulating reflection on reigning assumptions and suggesting alternative views. This book inquires into how these divergent political, economic, and cultural contexts shaped not only the method's practice, but the social meaning that both advocates and detractors ascribed to it. The methods of the social history of medicine, brought to bear on a wide array of published and archival sources from the Russian Federation, Ukraine, France, the United Kingdom, and the United States, shed light on shifting, socially-constructed notions of obstetric pain, childbirth, motherhood, and civic duty. This study breaks new scholarly ground through its ambitious transnational analysis of the intersection of medical practice and Cold War politics.