A History of the Lamaze Method in the USSR, France and the US, 1930-80

现在，准备分娩在包括美国在内的世界大部分地区都是一种普遍现象，而Lamaze这个名字实际上是这个成为父母的过程中的成年仪式的同义词。尽管所有的美国父母都参加准备分娩的课程，但对这种做法的起源和演变还没有进行过研究。这本书以冷战为背景，讲述了心理预防的跨国故事，这种心理预防方法在美国流行起来，名为拉玛泽方法。这项研究重建了这种分娩准备方法从苏联到法国，然后到美国的传播。本书旨在通过对拉玛泽方法的历史起源和发展的考察，帮助人们更好地认识和有意地了解当代产科实践，特别是在疼痛管理选择方面。这一叙述将使产科专业人员和辅助专业人员从不同的角度了解分娩和疼痛之间的联系，通过激发对主导假设的反思并提出不同的观点，潜在地重塑日常实践中的患者与照顾者关系。 这本书探讨了这些不同的政治、经济和文化背景如何不仅塑造了这种方法的实践，而且塑造了倡导者和批评者赋予它的社会意义。医学社会史的方法适用于来自俄罗斯联邦、乌克兰、法国、英国和美国的大量出版和档案来源，揭示了产科疼痛、分娩、母亲和公民责任等不断变化的、社会构建的概念。这项研究通过其对医疗实践和冷战政治交集的雄心勃勃的跨国分析，开辟了新的学术基础。

Childbirth preparation is now a universal phenomenon throughout much of the world, including the United States, and the name "Lamaze" is practically synonymous with this rite-of-passage en route to parenthood. Despite the fact that all American parents attend childbirth preparation classes, no study of this practice's origins and evolution has been undertaken. This book situates the transnational story of psychoprophylaxis, popularized in the United States as the Lamaze Method, against the backdrop of the Cold War. The study reconstructs the transmission of this method of childbirth preparation from the Soviet Union, to France, and then to the U.S. This book aims to help bring greater awareness and intentionality to contemporary obstetric practices, particularly with respect to pain management choices, through an examination of the historical origins and development of the Lamaze method. This narrative will expose obstetric professionals and paraprofessionals to different perspectives on the link between childbirth and pain, potentially reshaping the patient-caregiver relationship in everyday practice by stimulating reflection on reigning assumptions and suggesting alternative views. This book inquires into how these divergent political, economic, and cultural contexts shaped not only the method's practice, but the social meaning that both advocates and detractors ascribed to it. The methods of the social history of medicine, brought to bear on a wide array of published and archival sources from the Russian Federation, Ukraine, France, the United Kingdom, and the United States, shed light on shifting, socially-constructed notions of obstetric pain, childbirth, motherhood, and civic duty. This study breaks new scholarly ground through its ambitious transnational analysis of the intersection of medical practice and Cold War politics.