VOLTAGE-GATING MECHANISM OF POTASSIUM CHANNELS

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 电压门控钾(Kv)通道(http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/kvchannel/) 是存在于生命的所有三个领域的完整的膜蛋白。在一个专门的 一类动物细胞，称为可兴奋细胞--包括神经元、肌肉细胞和 内分泌细胞-Kv通道与其他阳离子通道(钠和钙)一起工作 通道)来调节细胞的电活动和信号[1]。千伏通道 激活(打开和关闭)以响应两端电势的变化 细胞膜允许K+离子被动和选择性地通过 频道。钾的传导是由电化学梯度控制的。 和细胞膜，可以达到很高的比率，同时仍然歧视 所有其他阳离子(包括较小的Na+离子)[1]。除了电信号之外 在神经系统中，Kv通道起着重要的调节作用。 心脏兴奋性和胰岛素释放的调节。在人类中，脑功能障碍 这些通道可导致神经或心血管疾病，如长QT 综合征或发作性共济失调[2]。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels (http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/kvchannel/) are integral membrane proteins present in all three domains of life. In a specialized class of animal cell, known as excitable cells - including neurons, muscle cells, and endocrine cells - Kv channels work with other cation channels (sodium and calcium channels) to regulate the electrical activity and signaling of the cell [1]. Kv channels activate (open and close) in response to changes in the electrical potential across the cell membrane allowing passive and selective conduction of K+ ions through the channel. Potassium conduction is directed by the electrochemical gradient across the cell membrane and can achieve very high rates, while still discriminating against all other cations (including the smaller Na+ ions) [1]. In addition to electrical signaling in nervous systems, Kv channels play an important role in the regulation of cardiac excitability and regulation of insulin release. In humans, malfunction of these channels can result in neurological or cardiovascular diseases such as long QT syndrome or episodic ataxia [2].