VOLTAGE-GATING MECHANISM OF POTASSIUM CHANNELS

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 电压门控钾（Kv）通道（http：//www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/kvchannel/） 是存在于生命的所有三个领域的完整膜蛋白。在专门 一类动物细胞，被称为可兴奋细胞-包括神经元，肌肉细胞， 内分泌细胞- Kv通道与其他阳离子通道（钠和钙）一起工作 通道）来调节细胞的电活动和信号传导[1]。Kv通道 激活（打开和关闭）以响应两端电势的变化 细胞膜允许被动和选择性传导K+离子通过 频道钾离子传导是由跨膜的电化学梯度引导的。 细胞膜，可以实现非常高的利率，同时仍然歧视 所有其他阳离子（包括较小的Na+离子）[1]。除了电信号之外 在神经系统中，Kv通道在调节 心脏兴奋性和胰岛素释放的调节。在人类中， 这些通道可导致神经或心血管疾病， 综合征或发作性共济失调[2]。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels (http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/kvchannel/) are integral membrane proteins present in all three domains of life. In a specialized class of animal cell, known as excitable cells - including neurons, muscle cells, and endocrine cells - Kv channels work with other cation channels (sodium and calcium channels) to regulate the electrical activity and signaling of the cell [1]. Kv channels activate (open and close) in response to changes in the electrical potential across the cell membrane allowing passive and selective conduction of K+ ions through the channel. Potassium conduction is directed by the electrochemical gradient across the cell membrane and can achieve very high rates, while still discriminating against all other cations (including the smaller Na+ ions) [1]. In addition to electrical signaling in nervous systems, Kv channels play an important role in the regulation of cardiac excitability and regulation of insulin release. In humans, malfunction of these channels can result in neurological or cardiovascular diseases such as long QT syndrome or episodic ataxia [2].