National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System

描述(由申请人提供)：拿骚/萨福克大都会统计区(MSA)由于地理上靠近纽约市，与城市MSA一样，也有许多与艾滋病毒和毒品有关的流行病学问题。年轻的MSM、性行为活跃的女性和使用注射毒品的黑人男性尤其关注艾滋病毒的趋势。属于这些类别的个人的艾滋病毒感染率比其风险组中的其他成员高得惊人。了解继续阻碍这些群体降低风险的因素对于艾滋病毒的一级和二级预防至关重要。作为对侧重于实验室报告和医疗提供者数据的传统艾滋病毒监测的补充，从参与高危活动的个人，如男男性行为者(MSM)、注射吸毒者(IDU)和有感染风险的异性恋者收集的行为数据可以补充从传统来源收集的广泛信息。行为监测可以识别某些新出现的流行病学趋势，对目前最危险的人群进行直接干预努力，并评估当前的干预目标是否得到实现。作为行为监测获得者，我们将对指定的高危人群MSM、IDU和有感染风险的异性恋者进行年度轮流调查。对于每个男男性接触者和注射吸毒者周期，将至少招收500名合格参与者；在异性恋周期期间，将至少招收450名有感染艾滋病毒风险的异性恋者。为了评估艾滋病毒的发病率和流行率，国家艾滋病毒行为监测项目的所有周期都将包括自愿艾滋病毒检测部分。所附研究计划概述了如何完成每个国家健康保险计划周期的活动。 公共卫生相关性：拿骚/萨福克是纽约州艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染率最高的州，不包括纽约市。当地的艾滋病毒流行数据以及其他社会科学研究表明，在与最大的大都市地区毗邻的原始郊区中，存在着大量的贫困和社会问题，这严重否定了美国郊区都是“健康和富裕”的假设(Puentes&Warren，Brookings Institute，2006)。对艾滋病毒/艾滋病最高风险人群的危险行为进行系统和持续的评估，为监测拿骚/萨福克感染的演变、预防服务的获得和利用提供了基线数据，并加强了从侧重于实验室报告和医疗提供者数据的传统监测方法中收集的广泛信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Due to its geographic proximity to New York City the Nassau/Suffolk metropolitan statistical area (MSA) shares many of the HIV and drug related epidemiologic concerns of Urban MSAs. HIV trends are particularly of concern for young MSM, sexually active females, and Black males who use injection drugs. Individuals who fall into these categories experience rates of HIV that are alarmingly elevated relative to other members of their risk group. Understanding the factors that continue to impede risk reduction among these groups is essential to primary and secondary prevention of HIV. As a complement to traditional HIV surveillance which focuses on data from lab reports and medical providers, behavioral data collected from individuals involved in high risk activity such as men who have sex with men (MSM), injection drug users (IDU), and heterosexuals at risk for infection can augment the broad based information gleaned from traditional sources. Behavioral surveillance can identify certain emerging epidemiological trends, direct intervention efforts on populations most currently at risk, and evaluate whether current intervention goals are being met. As a Behavioral Surveillance grantee, we will conduct annual rotating surveys of the designated high risk groups MSM, IDU, and heterosexuals at risk for infection. For each MSM and IDU cycle a minimum of 500 eligible participants will be enrolled; a minimum of 450 heterosexuals at risk for HIV infection will be enrolled during the heterosexual cycle. To assess the incidence and prevalence of HIV, all cycles of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) project will include a voluntary HIV testing component. The attached research plan outlines how the activities of each NHBS cycle will be completed. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Nassau/Suffolk has the highest rates of HIV/AIDS in New York State, exclusive of New York City. Local HIV prevalence figures, along with other social science research which denotes large pockets of poverty and social problems among the country's original suburbs contiguous to the largest metropolitan areas, severely discount the assumption that America's suburbs are uniformly 'healthy and wealthy' (Puentes & Warren, Brookings Institute, 2006). Systematic and ongoing assessment of risk behaviors among groups at highest risk of HIV/AIDS provides baseline data to monitor the evolution of infection in Nassau/Suffolk, access to and utilization of prevention services and augments the broad based information gleaned from traditional surveillance methods that focus on data from lab reports and medical providers.