Behavioral and Neurochemical Effects of Therapeutic d-Amphetamine

修改后的项目摘要/摘要部分 注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)是一种流行的神经精神疾病，影响5%至9%的儿童和1%至5%的成年人。口服安非他明等精神刺激性药物(如Adderall)是对抗ADHD相关缺陷的一线治疗方法。国家精神卫生研究所的一个优先事项是检查和改进现有的ADHD等疾病的治疗策略。虽然安非他明的短期疗效已经确定，但对长期服用安非他明的长期影响知之甚少。对反复使用治疗性安非他明的评估变得特别关键，因为现在已知儿童ADHD经常持续到青春期和成年期，增加了长期使用安非他明的可能性。目前项目的总体目标是评估口服治疗剂量的慢性苯丙胺对行为和神经化学的影响。对治疗ADHD(一系列反应时间任务)有效的测试试剂的公认行为模型将用于确定口服d-苯丙胺的治疗剂量。一旦确定了治疗剂量，他们将在慢性方案下服用，以评估长期的行为和神经化学影响。目前的研究结果将为苯丙胺慢性治疗性治疗提供重要的新数据。

Modified Project Summary/Abstract Section Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric illness affecting 5 to 9% of children and 1 to 5% of adults. Oral administration of psychostimulant medication such as amphetamine (e.g., Adderall) is a first-line treatment to combat ADHD-associated deficits. A priority at the National Institute of Mental Health is to examine and improve upon existing therapeutic strategies for illnesses such as ADHD. Although short-term therapeutic effects of amphetamine have been established, less is known concerning the long-term effects of chronic administration. Assessment of repeated therapeutic amphetamine use has become especially critical because childhood ADHD is now known to often persist into adolescence and adulthood, increasing the potential for protracted amphetamine use. The overall goal of the current project is to assess behavioral and neurochemical effects of oral therapeutic doses of chronic d-amphetamine. An accepted behavioral model for testing agents that are effective in treating ADHD (a serial reaction-time task) will be used to determine a therapeutic dose of oral d-amphetamine. Once therapeutic doses are determined, they will be administered under a chronic regimen to assess long-term behavioral and neurochemical effects. Findings from the current studies will provide important new data on chronic therapeutic amphetamine treatment.