DEVELOPING A NOVEL SET OF DIET PATTERN BIOMARKERS

这个子项目是许多利用资源的研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 而子项目的主要调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其它NIH来源。 列出的子项目总成本可能 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 而不是由NCRR赠款提供给子项目或子项目工作人员的直接资金。 这项研究旨在开发和验证一套新的基于食物之间天然存在的同位素差异的饮食生物标志物。 同位素差异可以区分海洋和陆地来源的食物，高纬度和低纬度生长的食物，以及以玉米或甘蔗为基础的食物。 由于爱斯基摩人依赖于生存和美国市场食品的混合，他们提供了一个理想的人群来测试这些生物标志物的摄入量。首先，我们将通过收集和分析常用食物的多种同位素特征，测试关键食物的同位素特征是否可用于定义营养相关的食物组。 其次，我们将招募100名年龄和性别分层设计的个体，并比较通过重复饮食记录和红细胞，头发和指甲的同位素签名测量的摄入量。 最后，我们将通过在不同季节重新访问50名参与者并收集第二组饮食记录和头发样本来测试头发的同位素测量是否可以检测饮食变化。 初步数据收集显示，Yup'ik自给性和非自给性食物之间存在很大的同位素差异。 研究参与者的登记工作已接近完成，初步数据分析正在进行中。 尽管爱斯基摩人的肥胖率相对较高，但他们患慢性肥胖相关疾病的比例较低。 了解爱斯基摩人独特的饮食是如何保护或使他们容易患病的，需要饮食模式的实用生物标志物。 这种饮食评估方法将专门用于服务不足的Yup'ik爱斯基摩社区，尽管这种方法也适用于其他人口。 本项目研究对象的性别/少数民族构成预计不会发生变化。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. This research seeks to develop and validate a novel set of dietary biomarkers based on naturally-occurring isotopic differences among foods. Isotopic differences can distinguish foods from marine and terrestrial sources, foods grown at high and low latitude, and foods based on corn or sugar cane. Because Yup'ik Eskimos rely on a mix of subsistence and US market foods, they present an ideal population for testing these biomarkers of intake. First, we will test whether the isotopic signatures of key foods can be used to define nutritionally-relevant food groups, by collecting and analyzing multiple isotope signatures of commonly consumed foods. Secondly, we will enroll 100 individuals in an age and sex stratified design and compare intake measured by repeated diet records and by the isotope signatures of red blood cells, hair, and fingernails. Finally, we will test whether isotopic measurements of hair can detect dietary change, by revisiting 50 participants in a different season and collecting a second set of diet records and hair samples. Preliminary data collection reveals strong isotopic differences between subsistence and non subsistence Yup'ik foods. Enrollment of research participants is nearing completion, and preliminary data analyses are underway. Yup'ik Eskimos exhibit low levels of chronic, obesity-related disease, despite having relatively high rates of obesity. Understanding how the unique diet of Yup'ik Eskimos either protects or predisposes them to disease requires practical biomarkers of diet pattern. This approach to diet assessment will be developed specifically for use in underserved Yup'ik Eskimo communities, although the method will be adaptable to other populations. There are no expected changes in the gender/minority composition of research subjects for this project.