CHAMPS: Choices for Adolescent Methods of Prevention in South Africa

CHAMPS：南非青少年预防方法的选择

• 批准号: 8508142
• 负责人: Linda-Gail Gail Bekker
• 金额: $ 58.46万
• 依托单位: DESMOND TUTU HIV FOUNDATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-15 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8508142
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Address; Adherence; Adolescence; Adolescent; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Clinical Trials Design; Complex; Contraceptive methods; Counseling; Development; Exercise; Future; General Population; HIV; HIV Infections; Incidence; Intervention; Legal; Male Circumcision; Methods; Modality; Output; Phase; Pilot Projects; Population; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Provider; Research; Resources; Review Literature; Risk; Series; Services; Sex Behavior; Social Marketing; South Africa; Testing; Woman; behavior change; cost; design; direct application; efficacy testing; epidemiological model; evidence base; improved; insight; meetings; microbicide; novel strategies; prevent; success; systematic review; uptake; young man; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In South Africa, young people have the highest incidence of HIV infection in the general population. Adolescence is a complex, transitional development phase when behaviors associated with HIV acquisition are often initiated, and it is likely that any current or future HIV prevention strategy will need to be effectively utilized by young people to have an appreciable population-level impact. But despite the importance of HIV prevention efforts among young people, there are few interventions that have demonstrated a significant impact in reducing risk of HIV infection among this group in South Africa and other resource-limited settings. This project will address this gap through a novel approach to combining different HIV prevention strategies into an optimized prevention 'menu' for adolescents, from which young women and men at risk of HIV infection may choose a particular combination of strategies to meet their specific needs and circumstances. Currently there are a number of promising and proven prevention interventions that could potentially constitute a prevention menu of preferred options or combinations, including PrEP, microbicides, HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) and circumcision. After a systematic review of the literature relating to these and other prevention options, pilot studies will be designed in order to examine key issues of feasibility, acceptability, adherence and sexual behavior change associated with these prevention methods in adolescents. Studies will emulate implementation of services and trials as far as possible in order to address these questions, including ethico-legal issues associated with implementation and delivery, as well as consideration of messaging and social marketing of these approaches to adolescents. Results will be used to inform epidemiological modeling and costing exercises in order to inform how such a prevention 'menu' should be constructed and promoted among young people for maximum benefit. This research will culminate in a separately proposed trial to examine the efficacy of the 'menu' approach in preventing new HIV infections among South African adolescents.

描述（由申请人提供）：在南非，年轻人在一般人群中的艾滋病毒感染发病率最高。青春期是一个复杂的过渡性发展阶段，当时经常开始与HIV获取相关的行为，并且年轻人可能需要有效利用任何当前或将来的HIV预防策略，才能有效地利用明显的人口级别的影响。但是，尽管在年轻人中有预防艾滋病毒的努力的重要性，但很少有干预措施表明对降低南非和其他资源有限的环境的艾滋病毒感染风险产生重大影响。该项目将通过一种新颖的方法来解决这一差距，将不同的艾滋病毒预防策略结合到针对青少年的优化预防“菜单”中，从中，年轻的男女有艾滋病毒感染风险的年轻男女可以选择特定的策略组合以满足其特定需求和情况。当前，有许多有希望的预防干预措施可能构成预防选项或组合的预防菜单，包括PREP，Microbicides，HIV咨询和测试（HCT）和包皮环切术。在对与这些和其他预防选择有关的文献进行系统的审查之后，将设计试点研究，以研究与青少年中这些预防方法相关的可行性，可接受性，依从性和性行为变化的关键问题。研究将尽可能地模仿服务和试验的实施，以解决这些问题，包括与实施和交付相关的伦理法 - 法律问题，以及考虑对青少年的消息传递和社会营销的考虑。结果将用于告知流行病学建模和成本核算练习，以告知如何在年轻人中构建和促进这种预防“菜单”，以获得最大的利益。这项研究将在一项单独提议的试验中达到高潮，以研究“菜单”方法在防止南非青少年中新的HIV感染的功效。