Temperamental Precursors of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究将利用来自一项正在进行的流行病学衍生的前瞻性纵向研究的数据，以测试早期气质指数是否可预测一年级注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的出现。数据将取自一项正在进行的发育流行病学研究，该研究采用前瞻性纵向设计（即，家庭生活项目; NIH 1 P01 HD 396667 - 01 A1，Vernon-Feagans，PI）。这项研究的独特之处在于利用多信息提供者，多方法的方法，不依赖于父母的报告，来测量生命前三年的气质反应和调节。气质反应的个体差异 和监管将被用来作为家长和教师报告的ADHD在一年级的预测。除了测试由气质引起的ADHD的综合风险外，这项拟议的研究还将测试Nigg和同事（2004）关于五种不同的气质介导的途径进入混合型ADHD的假设。这提出了一个前景，即气质的特定维度与ADHD之间的关联强度可能在不同的儿童亚组中有所不同，并且与文献中旨在澄清ADHD病因多样性的更大努力相一致。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study will utilize data from an ongoing, epidemiologically-derived, prospective longitudinal study to test whether early indices of temperament predict the emergence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in 1st grade. Data will be drawn from an ongoing developmental epidemiological study that utilized a prospective longitudinal design (i.e., the Family Life Project; NIH 1P01HD396667-01A1, Vernon-Feagans, PI). The proposed study is unique in utilizing a multi-informant, multi-method approach, which does not rely on parent reports, for measuring temperamental reactivity and regulation across the first three years of life. Individual differences in temperamental reactivity and regulation will be used as predictors of parent and teacher-reported ADHD in 1st grade. In addition to testing for the aggregate risk of ADHD from temperament, the proposed study will also test Nigg and colleagues (2004) hypotheses regarding five distinct temperamentally mediated pathways into combined type ADHD. This raises the prospect that the strength of the association between specific dimensions of temperament and ADHD may vary across subgroups of children and is consonant with a larger effort in the literature aimed at clarifying the etiologic plurality of ADHD.