Pooling of Prospective Studies of Diet, Lifestyle and ALS

饮食、生活方式和 ALS 前瞻性研究的汇集

• 批准号: 8338797
• 负责人: Eilis O'Reilly
• 金额: $ 17.66万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-30 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8338797
• 关键词: Age; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Antioxidants; Behavior; Body mass index; Case-Control Studies; Cessation of life; Cigarette; Cohort Studies; Data; Diet; Dietary Component; Dietary intake; Disease; Dose; Eating; Epidemiologic Studies; Etiology; Fatty Acids; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Flavonoids; Incidence; Individual; Intake; International; Investigation; Life Style; Malignant Neoplasms; Meta-Analysis; Metal exposure; Modification; Omega-3 Fatty Acids; Participant; Physical activity; Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; Population; Prospective Studies; Publications; Rare Diseases; Reporting; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Selection Bias; Series; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Solvents; Symptoms; Time; Translating; Trauma; Woman; cohort; cost; data management; design; diet and cancer; experience; follow-up; fruits and vegetables; interest; lifestyle factors; meetings; men; monounsaturated fat; prevent; prospective; response; saturated fat; smoking cessation

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): To investigate prospectively the role of diet and lifestyle as risk factors of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we propose to pool the primary data of the Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer (Cancer Pooling Project), an international consortium of 28 cohort studies. A number of risk factors for sporadic ALS have been examined epidemiologically, mainly in retrospective case-control studies: smoking, exposure to metals or solvents, trauma, and diet. Findings, however, have been inconsistent and may be subject to bias; retrospective case-control studies of long-term diet are particularly prone to recall bias. Previous findings need to be confirmed in rigorous prospective studies, but the low incidence of ALS makes prospective analyses a challenge. The existing consortium is a uniquely valuable resource for meeting that challenge; we need only collect information on ALS. The proposed project is thus an unusual opportunity for efficient scientific investigation, providing a unique opportunity to circumvent the main limitations of epidemiologic studies of ALS to-date -- poor power and retrospective design -- in the hope to elucidate the etiology of this devastating and fatal disease. The dietary aims of this project are to examine the relation between dietary intake of fatty acids, antioxidants and flavonoids, and fruit and vegetables with ALS. The non-dietary aims are to investigate the association between body-mass index (BMI) and physical activity and ALS. A secondary aim is to confirm the associations reported between smoking behavior and risk of ALS, including evaluating whether there is a lack of a dose- response in pack-years, cigarettes smoked per day and time since quitting smoking. In addition, any interesting leads that may emerge from preliminary analyses will be pursued. The main strengths of the proposed investigation are its prospective design and the efficient use of existing data from ongoing international studies. Because ALS is a relatively rare disease, a prospective investigation of ALS would require very large populations and long periods of follow-up, at a considerable cost. By taking advantage of well characterized cohorts participating in the Cancer Pooling Project that have accumulated many years of follow-up, the cost and time can be cut to a small fraction. The independent population made from the collaborating cohorts will comprise 450,657 women and 195,097 men with over 652 ALS deaths from the outset of the project (ALS deaths will continue to be accrued throughout the project duration).

描述（由申请人提供）：为了前瞻性地调查饮食和生活方式作为肌萎缩侧索硬化症 (ALS) 危险因素的作用，我们建议汇集饮食和癌症前瞻性研究汇集项目（癌症汇集项目）的主要数据，该项目是一个由 28 项队列研究组成的国际联盟。流行病学研究了散发性 ALS 的许多危险因素，主要是在回顾性病例对照研究中：吸烟、接触金属或溶剂、创伤和饮食。然而，研究结果并不一致，并且可能存在偏见；长期饮食的回顾性病例对照研究特别容易出现回忆偏差。先前的研究结果需要在严格的前瞻性研究中得到证实，但 ALS 的低发病率使前瞻性分析成为一项挑战。现有的联盟是应对这一挑战的独特宝贵资源；我们只需要收集有关 ALS 的信息。因此，拟议的项目是进行有效科学研究的一个不寻常的机会，提供了一个独特的机会来规避迄今为止 ALS 流行病学研究的主要局限性——低效和回顾性设计——以期阐明这种毁灭性致命疾病的病因。该项目的饮食目标是研究膳食中脂肪酸、抗氧化剂和类黄酮的摄入量以及水果和蔬菜与 ALS 之间的关系。非饮食目标是调查体重指数 (BMI) 与体力活动和 ALS 之间的关联。第二个目的是确认吸烟行为与 ALS 风险之间的关联，包括评估包年数、每天吸香烟数和戒烟后时间是否缺乏剂量反应。此外，我们还将追寻初步分析中可能出现的任何有趣的线索。拟议调查的主要优点是其前瞻性设计和有效利用正在进行的国际研究的现有数据。由于 ALS 是一种相对罕见的疾病，因此对 ALS 的前瞻性研究需要大量的人群和长期的随访，且成本相当高。通过利用参与癌症汇集项目的、经过多年随访的、特征明确的队列，可以将成本和时间削减到一小部分。由合作队列组成的独立人群将包括 450,657 名女性和 195,097 名男性，从项目一开始就有超过 652 例 ALS 死亡（在整个项目期间将继续累积 ALS 死亡）。