An evaluation of electronic cigarettes with low heater resistance: Understanding plasma nicotine concentration, puff topography, subjective effects and reasons for use

低耐热电子烟的评估：了解血浆尼古丁浓度、抽吸形貌、主观效果和使用原因

• 批准号: 9540234
• 负责人: Marzena M. Hiler
• 金额: $ 1.61万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-10 至 2019-05-13
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9540234
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adult; Aerosols; Attitude; Automobile Driving; Belief; Categories; Cigarette; Clinical; Data; Dependence; Devices; Electronic cigarette; Elements; Evaluation; Exercise; Future; Goals; Health; Heating; Individual; Intervention; Laboratories; Liquid substance; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Participant; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharyngeal structure; Plasma; Population; Predictive Factor; Prevention; Production; Proliferating; Public Health; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Resistance; Risk; Scientist; Sorting - Cell Movement; Statistical Data Interpretation; Suggestion; Techniques; Training; Withdrawal; concept mapping; design; electronic cigarette use; electronic cigarette user; experience; hookah; human subject; improved; indexing; never smoker; novel; pre-clinical; response; smoking prevalence; tobacco products; tobacco user; training opportunity; trend; uptake; vaper; vaping; vapor; voltage

Project Summary/Abstract While smoking prevalence stagnates in the U.S., novel tobacco products like electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) are gaining popularity among adults, adolescents, and never smokers. ECIGs use a battery-powered heating element to aerosolize a liquid that often contains the dependence-producing drug nicotine. Nicotine delivery and the dependence potential of these products may be influenced by ECIG device features that are largely under the control of the user (e.g., liquid nicotine concentration and heating element resistance). Of particular concern is the proliferation of ECIG devices with low resistance heating elements (measured in Ohms, ) that are <1. ECIG users, refer to these <1 devices as “sub-Ohm” ECIGs. Preliminary data reveal that ECIGs with <1 resistance heaters may deliver nicotine effectively, despite often being paired with low liquid nicotine concentrations. However, the extent to which decreasing ECIG heater resistance influences nicotine delivery and user subjective experience, two factors predictive of dependence, remains unclear. In addition, the beliefs and harm perceptions held by ECIG users who prefer ”sub-Ohm” ECIGs remains unexplored and is relevant to predicting uptake and continued use of these devices. Understanding nicotine delivery, subjective experience and the beliefs and harm perceptions held by those ECIG users who prefer “sub-Ohm” ECIGs will be paramount to protecting individual and public health. Therefore, this proposal describes two primary aims. Aim 1 will measure the effect of <1 heater resistance and liquid nicotine concentration on nicotine delivery and user subjective effects. This 2 (heater resistance) by 2 (nicotine concentration) within-subject human/clinical laboratory design will elucidate the individual and combined effects of these factors on plasma nicotine concentration and subjective effects in 32 experienced ECIG users. Aim 2 will use a mixed-method participatory research exercise called concept mapping to characterize the beliefs, health/dependence perceptions, and perceived effects driving “sub-Ohm” ECIG use. The hypotheses of these two aims are: 1) ECIGs with <1heater resistance will result in greater nicotine delivery and will be associated with more positive subjective effect profiles, suggestive of higher dependence potential and 2) “sub-Ohm” ECIGs will be associated with favorable beliefs and positive perceived effects of use, as well as less risk of harm and nicotine dependence, making their use more likely. Results from this project will result in further understanding of factors that can influence ECIG dependence potential and reasons driving the use of “sub-Ohm” ECIGs, likely informing regulation of this novel tobacco product category, while also providing an unparalleled training experience.

项目概要/摘要 虽然美国的吸烟率停滞不前，但电子烟 (ECIG) 等新型烟草产品却在不断增长。 在成人、青少年和从不吸烟者中越来越受欢迎。 ECIG 使用电池供电的加热装置 用于雾化液体的元件，该液体通常含有产生依赖性的药物尼古丁。尼古丁输送 这些产品的依赖潜力可能会受到 ECIG 设备特性的影响，这些特性在很大程度上是 在用户的控制下（例如液体尼古丁浓度和加热元件电阻）。特别是 令人担忧的是带有低电阻加热元件（以欧姆， 为单位测量）的 ECIG 设备的激增， <1。 ECIG 用户将这些 <1 设备称为“亚欧姆”ECIG。初步数据显示，ECIG 尽管经常与低液体尼古丁搭配使用，但电阻加热器<1可以有效地输送尼古丁 浓度。然而，降低 ECIG 加热器电阻会在多大程度上影响尼古丁输送 和用户主观体验这两个预测依赖性的因素仍不清楚。此外，信仰 喜欢“亚欧姆”ECIG 的 ECIG 用户所持有的伤害认知尚未得到探索，并且与 预测这些设备的使用和持续使用。了解尼古丁传递、主观体验 那些喜欢“亚欧姆”ECIG 的 ECIG 用户所持有的信念和伤害认知将是 对于保护个人和公共健康至关重要。因此，该提案描述了两个主要目标。目的 1将测量<1加热器电阻和液体尼古丁浓度对尼古丁输送和 用户主观影响。这 2（耐热性）乘以 2（尼古丁浓度）在受试者体内/临床 实验室设计将阐明这些因素对血浆尼古丁的单独和综合影响 32 位经验丰富的 ECIG 用户的注意力和主观影响。目标 2 将使用混合方法 称为概念图的参与式研究活动，用于描述信念、健康/依赖性 感知和感知效应推动“亚欧姆”ECIG 使用。这两个目标的假设是：1） 耐热性 <1 的 ECIG 将导致更大的尼古丁释放，并与更多尼古丁相关。 积极的主观影响特征，暗示更高的依赖性潜力和 2)“亚欧姆”ECIG 将是 与良好的信念和使用的积极感知效果以及较低的伤害和尼古丁风险相关 依赖性，使它们的使用更有可能。该项目的结果将导致人们进一步了解 可能影响 ECIG 依赖潜力的因素以及推动使用“亚欧姆”ECIG 的原因 为这种新型烟草产品类别的监管提供信息，同时还提供无与伦比的培训 经验。