Health systems & implementation sciences institute for NCDs in SoAsia & LatinAm

描述（由申请人提供）：低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC）正经历着日益沉重的非传染性疾病负担。非传染性疾病预防和控制的组织和协调在多个层面受到阻碍（地方能力有限，加上卫生系统、融资和基础设施不足），导致即使在高收入环境中也存在知识实施鸿沟。除了财政资源和政治意愿外，卫生系统的“重新定位”和“加强”还需要针对具体情况的、可操作的证据，以及训练有素的、具有创新精神的卫生领导人，他们能够将科学知识和组织技能应用于人口层面的非传染性疾病预防和控制工作。然而，很少有低收入和中等收入国家的卫生系统有足够的应用/实施研究能力来实现系统改进。在2011年9月举行的联合国非传染性疾病问题高级别会议的背景下，这一主题尤为及时，届时世界各国领导人将面临在全球公平、有效和高效地提供非传染性疾病护理和预防服务的挑战。为了解决肯定会得到承认的能力短缺问题，墨西哥国家卫生机构（墨西哥）、印度公共卫生基金会（印度）和埃默里大学（美国）共同合作：a.为致力于通过实施科学推进卫生系统的墨西哥和印度公共卫生专业人员建立一个强有力的、跨学科的卫生系统、实施科学和非传染性疾病领导力培训计划。该项目包括：1/在美国亚特兰大举办为期三周的年度密集多学科课程，由世界一流的核心教师和客座教师参与，并结合理论概念、应用案例学习、积极讨论和研讨会的动态组合；2/为期11个月的指导阶段，受训人员由核心教师导师监督，并将其技能应用于相关项目或计划，设计、实施或评估非传染性疾病的政策、干预措施和系统。学员还完成网络研讨会远程学习模块。b.利用项目人员和技术开发校友网络和基于网络的工具汇编，以促进循证知识的共享，并在国内机构培训其他人。这一年度标志性项目强调实施和系统科学、领导力、职业发展、思想交流、多样性、人才保留、21世纪连通性和知识共享，并与福格蒂国际中心2008 - 2012年战略目标（投资于非传染性疾病、领导力和弥合实施科学方面的差距）高度一致。该计划的愿景是激励60名高素质专业人员和3个低收入和中等收入国家机构的职业生涯，从而促进自我维持，有效的系统（更多的数据驱动决策，利用创新和更大的问责制）。我们的项目将增强墨西哥和印度的系统和实施研究技能，并为非传染性疾病综合预防和控制战略的组织、实施和评估做出贡献。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are experiencing growing non-communicable disease (NCD) burdens. Organization and coordination of NCD prevention and control are hindered at multiple levels (limited local capacity plus health systems, financing, and infrastructure deficiencies), resulting in knowledge- implementation chasms, even in high-income settings. Together with financial resources and political will, health system "reorientation" and "strengthening" require context-specific, actionable evidence, as well as highly-trained innovative health leaders who can apply scientific knowledge and organizational skills in the pursuit of NCD prevention and control at a population-level. However, few LMIC health systems have sufficient applied/implementation research capacity to achieve systems enhancement. This theme is particularly timely in the context of the UN High-Level Meeting on NCD's in September 2011 where world leaders will be challenged to equitably, effectively, and efficiently deliver NCD care and preventative services globally. To address the capacity shortages that are sure to be acknowledged, the Institution Nacional de Salud Publica (Mexico), Public Health Foundation of India (India), and Emory University (U.S.A.) have partnered together to: a. Establish a robust, interdisciplinary Health Systems, Implementation Sciences, and Leadership for NCDs training program for public health professionals in Mexico and India who are committed to advancing health systems through implementation sciences. The program involves: 1/ An annual, 3-week, intensive, multi- disciplinary course hosted in Atlanta, U.S.A., involving world-class core and guest faculty, and incorporating a dynamic mix of theoretical concepts, applied case-learning, active discussion, and workshops; and 2/ An 11-month mentored phase where trainees are each supervised by core faculty mentors and apply their skills in relevant projects or programs, designing, implementing, or evaluating policies, interventions, and systems for NCDs. Trainees also complete webinar distance learning modules. b. Leverage the program personnel and technology to develop an alumni network and compendium of web- based tools to promote sharing of evidence-based knowledge and training others at home institutions. This annual signature program emphasizes implementation and systems sciences, leadership, career development, cross-pollination of ideas, diversity, retention, 21st century connectivity and knowledge-sharing, and is strongly aligned with the Fogarty International Center's Strategic Goals 2008 - 2012 to invest in NCDs, leadership, and bridge the gap in implementation sciences. The program's vision is to energize the careers of 60 high-caliber professionals and 3 LMIC institutions and therefore contribute to self-sustaining, effective systems (with more data-driven decision-making, utilization of innovations, and greater accountability). Our program will augment systems and implementation research skills in Mexico and India and contribute to the organization, operationalization, and evaluation of integrated NCD prevention and control strategies. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) face huge non-communicable disease (NCD) burdens, but also difficulties of financing, infrastructure, applied research capacity, and competing priorities that perpetuate large gaps between currently available knowledge and implementation of proven interventions for NCD prevention and control. This program in Health Systems, Implementation Sciences, and Leadership for NCDs will train 60 young health professionals from Mexico and India, and serve as a stepping stone for these young professionals to build careers focused on designing policies and/or interventions for NCD risk reduction and care in the population, while at the same time building sustainable capacity at their home institutions. This signature program will also be timely as it coincides with a United Nations High-Level Meeting on NCDs in September 2011, and directly addresses areas of implementation, integration, and sustainability that are critical for the maturation of LMIC health systems.