Improving Older Adults' E-Health Literacy With Collaborative Computer Training

描述（由申请人提供）：健康素养对于我们快速老龄化的人口来说是一个关键问题（Kutner, Greenberg, Jin, & Paulsen, 2006）。在这项干预研究中，我们进行了旨在提高老年人电子健康素养或“从电子资源中寻找、发现、理解和评估健康信息的能力，并将所获得的知识应用于解决或解决健康问题”的实验（Norman & Skinner， 2006年b）。我们的实验集中在训练老年人——他们可能或多或少有计算机经验——使用NIH在线资源获取可靠的健康信息。将测试两种学习条件：个人主义学习，学生向教师学习，并单独朝着学习目标努力，与其他学生很少或没有互动；协作学习，学生向教师和其他学生学习，并以小组形式朝着共同目标努力（Johnson, Johnson, & Smith, 1998）。这项为期3年的R01研究完全符合该资助机制（PAR-07-020）的范围，因为它涉及1)卫生素养的一个重要组成部分——电子卫生素养——作为一项关键成果，以及2)制定和评估以电子卫生素养为重点的干预战略。本研究的主要目标是推进有关老年人学习的理论，特别是在电子卫生素养领域。具体目标是：目标1：确定协作学习与个人学习对老年人电子健康素养的影响；目标2：促进发展关于协作学习与个人学习的影响如何与基于先前计算机经验的异质与同质群体组成的影响相互作用的理论；目标3：本实验采用3 × 2 × 3混合因子设计，以先前计算机经验（有经验、新学习、混合学习）和学习方法（协作学习、个人学习）为组间变量，测量时间（前、后、6个月随访）为组内变量。本实验研究的教学任务将包括使用NIA开发的课程进行为期四周的培训，学习使用NIHSeniorHealth.gov和MedlinePlus.gov网站获取可靠的健康信息。这项研究将在公共图书馆进行。通过利用完善的公共图书馆基础设施和NIH在线资源，这项干预研究具有巨大的扩大潜力和重大的社会和经济影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Health literacy is a critical issue for our rapidly aging population (Kutner, Greenberg, Jin, & Paulsen, 2006). In this intervention research, we conduct experiments that aim to improve older adults' e-health literacy or "the ability to seek, find, understand, and appraise health information from electronic sources and apply the knowledge gained to addressing or solving a health problem" (Norman & Skinner, 2006b). Our experiments focus on training older adults - who may have more or less prior computer experience - to use NIH online resources for reliable health information. Two learning conditions will be tested: individualistic learning where students learn from an instructor and work individually toward learning goals with little or no interaction with other students, and collaborative learning where students learn from both an instructor and other students and work in small groups toward common goals (Johnson, Johnson, & Smith, 1998). This 3-year R01 research fits well within the scope of this funding mechanism (PAR-07-020) because it involves 1) an important component of health literacy - e-health literacy - as a key outcome, and 2) the development and evaluation of intervention strategies that focus on e-health literacy. The primary goal of this research is to advance theories about older adult learning particularly in the e-health literacy area. Specific aims are: Aim 1: Determine the effects of collaborative versus individualistic learning on older adults' e-health literacy Aim 2: Contribute to developing theory about how the effects of collaborative versus individualistic learning interact with those of heterogeneous versus homogeneous group composition based on prior computer experience Aim 3: Explore the longitudinal effects of collaborative versus individualistic learning beyond the training period The experiment is a 3 x 2 x 3 mixed factorial design, with group composition based on prior computer experience (experienced; new; mixed) and learning method (collaborative; individualistic learning) as the between-participant variables and time of measurement (pre; post; 6-month follow-up) as the within- participant variable. The instructional task of this experimental study will involve four weeks of training using the curriculum developed by NIA to learn to use the NIHSeniorHealth.gov and MedlinePlus.gov Web sites to access reliable health information. This study will be conducted in public libraries. By tapping into the well- established public library infrastructure and NIH online resources, this intervention research has great potential for scaling-up and significant social and economic implications.