Utility of Contact Investigation of Drug Susceptible and Resistant TB in Tanzani

坦桑尼亚药物敏感和耐药结核病接触者调查的效用

• 批准号: 8318768
• 负责人: Elizabeth Fair
• 金额: $ 12.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-18 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8318768
• 关键词: Address; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; Applications Grants; Area; Award; Budgets; California; Capital; Caring; Cause of Death; Cities; Clinical Research; Cohort Studies; Communities; Cost Effectiveness Analysis; Cost Measures; Country; Critical Care; Data; Detection; Developing Countries; Development Plans; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Drug Resistant Tuberculosis; Drug resistance; Drug resistance in tuberculosis; Drug-sensitive; Early Diagnosis; Early identification; Economics; Emergency Situation; Enrollment; Epidemic; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Extreme drug resistant tuberculosis; Family; Foundations; Funding; Future; Genotype; Goals; Gold; HIV; HIV Infections; Health Personnel; High Prevalence; Household; Incidence; Incidental Findings; Infection; Institutes; International; Interruption; Intervention; Investigation; Isoniazid resistance; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Research; Learning; Leprosy; Life; Low income; Lung; Measures; Medical Research; Medicine; Mentors; Methods; Mutation; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Organism; Participant; Pathogenicity; Patient Education; Patients; Pattern; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Policy Developments; Predisposition; Prevalence; Preventive Intervention; Principal Investigator; Process; Public Health; Publishing; Pulmonary Tuberculosis; Relapse; Research; Research Personnel; Research Technics; Resistance; Resources; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Retreatment; San Francisco; Science; Screening procedure; Source; Speed; Sputum; Tanzania; Testing; Time; Training; Treatment Failure; Tuberculosis; Universities; Work; World Health Organization; authority; base; career; career development; case finding; cost; cost effective; cost effectiveness; design; diagnosis standard; disability; disease transmission; disorder control; evidence base; high risk; indexing; indium arsenide; innovation; isoniazid; mathematical model; novel strategies; programs; prospective; public health emergency; resistant strain; therapy design; transmission process; tuberculosis treatment

This is an application for a KOI, award for Dr. Elizabeth Fair, an epidemiologist in the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco. Dr. Fair is establishing herself as an investigator in epidemiologic and cost effectiveness analyses to evaluate the feasibility, cost, and impact of new tuberculosis (TB) case detection methods in resource limited-settings with high incidences of TB and HIV and increasing threats of drug-resistant TB. This KOI award will provide Dr. Fair with the support necessary to accomplish the following goals: (1) to become expert in applying advanced analytic methods for evaluating the cost effectiveness of programmatic TB interventions; (2) to learn to apply mathematical modeling of infectious disease transmission for evaluating the impact of TB interventions; (3) to become expert in the design, enrollment, and management of a prospective cohort study in a low resource setting; (4) to apply laboratory research techniques for TB genotyping and drug resistance testing; and (5) to develop and independent clinical research career. To achieve these goals. Dr. Fair has assembled a mentoring team comprised of a primary mentor. Dr. Philip Hopewell, an internationally recognized authority on global TB control, and 2 co-mentors: Dr. James G. Kahn, an internationally recognized expert on cost effectiveness studies, .and Dr. Travis Porco, a well-published mathematical modeler and epidemiologist, Low case finding of new TB patients is a major limitation to global control of the disease, especially in high HIV-prevalence areas. Dr. Fair's research will determine whether household contact investigation in a low-income, high TB burden setting results in earlier diagnosis of TB (Aim 1)..She will also assess the costs, cost-effectiveness, and impact of contact investigation under program conditions (Aim 2); and characterize the transmissibility and pathogenicity of M.tb strains from new cases found through household contact investigation (Aim 3). The research will form the basis for a future R01 grant application to address the scientific basis of TB transmission and pathogenicity, specifically of drug-resistant M.tb strains.

这是一份 KOI 申请，授予伊丽莎白·费尔 (Elizabeth Fair) 博士，她是旧金山加利福尼亚大学肺科和重症监护医学部的流行病学家。 Fair 博士正在将自己定位为流行病学和成本效益分析领域的调查员，以评估在资源有限、结核病和艾滋病毒高发以及耐药结核病威胁日益增加的环境中新结核病 (TB) 病例检测方法的可行性、成本和影响。该 KOI 奖项将为 Fair 博士提供实现以下目标所需的支持：(1) 成为应用先进分析方法评估计划性结核病干预措施成本效益的专家； （2）学会应用传染病传播的数学模型来评估结核病干预措施的影响； (3) 成为资源匮乏环境下前瞻性队列研究的设计、招募和管理方面的专家； （四）应用实验室研究技术进行结核病基因分型和耐药性检测； (5)发展并独立的临床研究事业。为了实现这些目标。 Fair 博士组建了一个由主要导师组成的导师团队。国际公认的全球结核病控制权威 Philip Hopewell 博士和 2 位共同导师：国际公认的成本效益研究专家 James G. Kahn 博士和著名数学建模师和流行病学家 Travis Porco 博士。 新结核病患者的低病例发现是全球控制该疾病的主要限制，特别是在艾滋病毒高流行地区。 Fair 博士的研究将确定低收入、高结核病负担环境中的家庭接触调查是否会导致结核病的早期诊断（目标 1）。她还将评估计划条件下接触调查的成本、成本效益和影响（目标 2）；并描述通过家庭接触调查发现的新病例中结核分枝杆菌菌株的传播性和致病性（目标 3）。该研究将为未来的 R01 拨款申请奠定基础，以解决结核病传播和致病性的科学依据，特别是耐药结核病菌株的传播和致病性。