Image Quality Improvement and Breast Compression Reduction in Breast Tomosynthesi

乳房断层合成中的图像质量改善和乳房压迫减少

• 批准号: 8441522
• 负责人: Ioannis Sechopoulos
• 金额: $ 27.97万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-08 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8441522
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; American Cancer Society; Appearance; Behavior; Breast; Breast Cancer Detection; Breast Cancer Early Detection; Breast-Conserving Surgery; Callback; Canada; Clinical; Computer software; Computer-Assisted Diagnosis; Coupled; Detection; Diagnosis; Dimensions; Disease; Dose; Early Diagnosis; Europe; Future; Guidelines; Image; Image Analysis; Imaging Techniques; Imaging technology; Lesion; Malignant Neoplasms; Mammaplasty; Mammography; Masks; Mastectomy; Medical Imaging; Methods; Nature; Noise; Normal tissue morphology; Pain; Patients; Procedures; Process; Radiation; Reporting; Research Project Grants; Risk Assessment; Screening Result; Sensitivity and Specificity; Specificity; Surveys; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Tissues; Woman; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; base; breast cancer diagnosis; cancer imaging; cancer risk; digital; image processing; improved; interest; malignant breast neoplasm; model development; mortality; novel; radiologist; screening; two-dimensional

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Breast cancer is the most prevalent non-skin cancer in women in the US. To increase the early detection of breast cancer, annual screening mammography has been recommended for asymptomatic patients. However, mammography is not without limitations. The superposition of glandular tissue is an inherent consequence of the two dimensional nature of mammography, and may result in the masking of lesions of interest (reducing sensitivity) or the false appearance of overlapping normal tissues as lesions (reducing specificity). Digital tomosynthesis of the breast is a novel x-ray based imaging technique being investigated to replace mammography for the early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. Tomosynthesis is based on the concept of limited angle computed tomography, in which projections of the imaged object acquired from a limited angular range give enough information to partially reconstruct that object in three dimensions. Reports indicate that tomosynthesis reduces callback rate (increasing specificity) and increases detection rate (increasing sensitivity) compared to mammography. However, in current implementations of breast tomosynthesis, the breast undergoes the same vigorous compression as that used in mammography. It has been shown that the pain resulting from this vigorous breast compression during mammography is an important factor in women not undergoing the recommended annual screening mammography. This reduction in screening adherence results in an increase in breast cancer mortality and in a reduction in treatment options, yielding a higher number of mastectomies as opposed to breast conserving surgeries. The objective of this research project is to develop and test new image acquisition and processing techniques that will allow for the acquisition of breast tomosynthesis images with a substantial reduction in the amount of breast compression used with no loss in image quality or increase in radiation dose. For this, we will (1) develop a method to reduce the impact of x-ray scatter on image quality; (2) develop new image acquisition techniques for reduced compression tomosynthesis that result in the same radiation dose and image noise levels as standard tomosynthesis; (3) compare the image quality between standard tomosynthesis and reduced compression tomosynthesis performed with the techniques developed in this project. Successful completion of this project will result in the ability to perform breast tomosynthesis imaging with substantially reduced breast compression levels, with no increase in radiation dose, and no loss in image quality and tissue coverage. This will result in a reduction in the pain associated with breast cancer screening, resulting in an increase in screening adherence by women, which will decrease breast cancer mortality and increase the number of cases in which breast conserving surgery can be performed.

描述(申请人提供)：乳腺癌是美国女性中最常见的非皮肤癌。为了增加乳腺癌的早期发现，建议对无症状的患者进行年度筛查乳房X光检查。然而，乳房X光检查并非没有局限性。腺体组织的叠加是乳房X光摄影二维性质的固有结果，可能导致感兴趣的病变被掩盖(降低敏感性)或重叠的正常组织假象为病变(降低特异性)。乳房数字断层扫描是一种新的基于X射线的成像技术，正在研究以取代乳房X光照相用于乳腺癌的早期检测和诊断。层析合成是基于有限角度计算机层析成像的概念，其中从有限角度范围获得的成像对象的投影提供了足够的信息来部分重建该对象的三维。报告表明，与乳房X光摄影相比，断层合成降低了回调率(增加了特异度)，提高了检测率(提高了敏感性)。然而，在目前的乳房断层合成技术中，乳房受到的压力与乳房X光检查中使用的相同。已有研究表明，在乳房X光检查过程中，这种强烈的乳房压迫所产生的疼痛是没有接受推荐的年度筛查乳房X光检查的妇女的一个重要因素。这种筛查依从性的减少导致乳腺癌死亡率的增加和治疗选择的减少，从而产生了更多的乳房切除手术，而不是保乳手术。该研究项目的目标是开发和测试新的图像采集和处理技术，这些技术将允许在不损失图像质量或不增加辐射剂量的情况下，在大幅减少使用的乳房压缩量的情况下获取乳房断层合成图像。为此，我们将(1)开发一种减少X射线散射对图像质量的影响的方法；(2)开发新的图像采集技术，以减少压缩断层合成，从而产生与标准断层合成相同的辐射剂量和图像噪声水平；(3)比较使用本项目开发的技术执行的标准断层合成和减少压缩断层合成的图像质量。该项目的成功完成将使进行乳房断层合成成像的能力大大降低，乳房压缩程度不会增加，辐射剂量也不会增加，图像质量和组织覆盖范围也不会下降。这将减少与乳腺癌筛查相关的痛苦，提高妇女对筛查的依从性，这将降低乳腺癌死亡率，并增加可以进行保乳手术的病例数量。