Design of an Interactive Incentive Spirometer for Enhanced Respiratory Care

描述(申请人提供)：这个项目的目标是设计一种新型的床边激励性肺活量计，以帮助减少术后患者的呼吸道并发症，如肺炎和肺不张。目前医院广泛使用的床边激励肺活量计存在着几个严重的缺陷，包括患者反馈不充分，没有提醒机制来提示患者使用，医生和护士没有手段来评估患者的呼吸表现和治疗依从性。在这个项目中，我们将设计一种基于医生、护士和患者输入的数字交互式床边激励肺活量计，它通过结合增强的功能集和用户界面设计来避免这些缺点。我们的中心假设是，与目前的床边激励肺量计相比，我们的新激励肺量仪将改善患者的呼吸表现和治疗依从性，并为医生和护士提供更多信息和更有用的信息。这个项目的基本原理是，患者依从性的提高将减少术后呼吸道并发症，缩短术后住院时间，并最大限度地减少因呼吸损害而再次住院的需要，所有这些都增强了患者的福利，并降低了医疗成本。我们将通过解决三个具体目标来实现项目目标：1)开发激励性肺活量计原型的设计规范。这种原型肺活量计易于患者学习、使用和理解，同时使医生和护士能够准确评估患者的呼吸性能、遵守处方治疗的情况以及随着时间的推移呼吸性能的变化趋势。人因工程的应用科学将被用来确定用户的需求和要求，并开发原型设计概念和规范。2)通过构建几个低保真的原型模型并评估它们的功能集和接口设计来评估原型肺活量计的易用性，以便确定需要改进的地方。医疗保健提供商将通过识别所需的医疗保健功能和评估原型界面设计，在设计和测试过程中发挥至关重要的作用。3)根据可用性评估的结果，我们将细化原型肺量仪的设计规格，以最大限度地提高其有效性和易用性。这项工作的结果将是一个详细的和经过测试的设计规范和原型，它基于人的因素工程原理以及医生、护士和患者的输入。与目前广泛使用的激励性肺活量计相比，该原型装置将显著改善患者的呼吸性能和治疗依从性。它还将使医生和护士能够直接评估患者的呼吸性能和依从性。这种新的肺活量计有望通过减少术后呼吸道并发症的发生率和严重程度，对患者的福祉产生重要的积极影响。鉴于激励性肺活量测定法在术后患者中的广泛使用，该设备的商业潜力和对患者预后的影响是显著的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to design a new type of bedside incentive spirometer to help minimize respiratory complications, such as pneumonia and atelectasis, among postoperative patients. The bedside incentive spirometers in current widespread use in hospitals have several severe shortcomings, including inadequate patient feedback, no reminder mechanism to prompt their use by patients, and no means for physicians and nurses to assess patient breathing performance and treatment compliance. In this project, we will design a digital interactive bedside incentive spirometer, based on physician, nurse, and patient input, which avoids these drawbacks by incorporating an enhanced feature set and user interface design. Our central hypothesis is that our new incentive spirometer will improve patient breathing performance and treatment compliance and be more informative and useful to physicians and nurses, compared with current bedside incentive spirometers. The rationale for this project is that greater patient compliance will reduce postoperative respiratory complications, shorten the duration of postoperative hospitalization, and minimize the need for rehospitalization for respiratory compromise, all of which enhance patient welfare and reduce healthcare costs. We will accomplish project objectives by addressing three specific aims: 1) To develop design specifications for a prototype incentive spirometer. This prototype spirometer will be easy for patients to learn, use, and understand, while enabling physicians and nurses to accurately assess patient breathing performance, adherence to prescribed treatment, and breathing performance trends over time. The applied science of human factors engineering will be used to define user needs and requirements and to develop prototype design concepts and specifications. 2) To evaluate the ease of use of the prototype spirometer by constructing several low-fidelity prototype models and assessing their feature sets and interface designs so that areas of improvement can be identified. Healthcare providers will play a vital role in the design and test process by identifying needed healthcare features and evaluating prototype interface design. 3) Based on the results of the usability evaluations, we will refine the design specifications of the prototype spirometer to maximize its effectiveness and ease of use. The outcome of this effort will be a detailed and tested design specification and a prototype spirometer that is based on human factors engineering principles and physician, nurse, and patient input. This prototype device will significantly improve patient breathing performance and treatment adherence relative to incentive spirometers in current widespread use. It will also enable physicians and nurses to directly assess patients' breathing performance and adherence. This new spirometer is expected to have an important positive impact on patients' well-being by reducing the incidence and severity of postoperative respiratory complications. Given the widespread use of incentive spirometry among postoperative patients, the commercial potential and impact on patient outcome of this device is significant.