Disaster and the Reinvention of Public Health in France

灾难与法国公共卫生的重塑

• 批准号: 8231186
• 负责人: CONSTANCE Allen NATHANSON
• 金额: $ 4.85万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8231186
• 关键词: Accounting; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Adverse event; American; Blood; Blood Transfusion; Books; Complement; Conceptions; Country; Data; Democracy; Developed Countries; Disasters; Disease; Event; Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act; France; Funding; HIV; Health; Health Policy; Health Promotion; Healthcare; Human; Influentials; Injection of therapeutic agent; Institution; Interview; Laws; Learning; Letters; Life; Link; Literature; Manuscripts; Marketing; Medical; Muscle; National Security; Oral; Organizational Innovation; Panic; Patients; Play; Policies; Politics; Population; Preparation; Process; Production; Public Health; Publications; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Relative (related person); Risk; Scientist; Security; Shapes; Site; Social Change; Societies; Sociology; Source; State Interests; Time; Translations; United States; Universities; Work; Writing; base; blood product; blood supply contamination; career; comparative; disorder prevention; experience; government documents; innovation; interest; neglect; phrases; reconstruction; response; social; sociologist

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The aim of this proposal is to fund the preparation of a book manuscript that will reconstruct in detail the social processes that led from the "disaster" represented by France's experience of HIV-contamination of the blood supply to the transformation of public health from a relatively neglected backwater to a central concern of the French state and a primary target for innovation and social change. The discovery that a single blood transfusion-not to speak of the repeated injections of blood products required by hemophiliacs-could transmit AIDS was regarded in most developed countries as a public health crisis. Only in France, however, was it construed as a national disaster and followed by significant changes in the meaning of public health and in its social and political organization, changes that have not ceased to play themselves out. The book's authors, Constance A. Nathanson and Henri Bergeron, will undertake a detailed reconstruction of this event and its consequences as they have unfolded over the decade and a half from 1990-2005 (focusing most heavily on the period, 1991-94). The data on which they will draw include primary French government documents, the media, and oral history interviews with key actors, complemented by a large secondary source literature on France's response to several perceived recent "crises" in health care and public health. These materials will allow them to describe and interpret multiple changes that include: the reframing of public health from a matter of disease prevention and health promotion to one of national security; the passage and implementation of a vast new body of laws relative to public health institutions and the regulation of public health; the creation of new public health agencies; the emergence of new public health actors and new career opportunities in public health; and the emergence of patient associations as a new political force. Not only in France but in other developed countries as well, the prestige and influence of public health declined over the twentieth century. This book will address the question, under what circumstances does public health become a serious interest of state? We will be submitting the completed manuscript to Oxford University Press, which has notified us of its "strong interest" in considering it for publication.

描述（由申请人提供）： 该提案的目的是资助编写一本书的手稿，该手稿将详细重建从法国血液供应艾滋病毒污染的经验所代表的“灾难”到公共卫生从相对被忽视的死水转变为法国国家关注的中心以及创新和社会变革的主要目标的社会过程。一次输血--更不用说血友病患者需要反复注射血液制品--就能传播艾滋病，这一发现在大多数发达国家被视为一场公共卫生危机。然而，只有在法国，它被视为一场全国性的灾难，随之而来的是公共卫生的含义及其社会和政治组织的重大变化，这些变化一直没有停止。这本书的作者，康斯坦斯A。Nathanson和Henri Bergeron将对这一事件及其后果进行详细的重建，因为它们在1990-2005年的15年中展开（主要集中在1991-94年期间）。他们将利用的数据包括主要的法国政府文件，媒体和对主要参与者的口述历史采访，以及法国对最近几次医疗保健和公共卫生“危机”的反应的大量二级来源文献。这些材料将使他们能够描述和解释多方面的变化，其中包括：公共卫生从疾病预防和健康促进问题转变为国家安全问题;通过和实施了一系列与公共卫生机构和公共卫生管理有关的新法律;设立了新的公共卫生机构;新的公共卫生行为体和公共卫生领域新的职业机会的出现;以及患者协会作为一股新的政治力量的出现。不仅在法国，而且在其他发达国家，公共卫生的声望和影响力在20世纪都有所下降。这本书将解决的问题，在什么情况下，公共卫生成为一个严重的国家利益？我们将把完成的手稿提交给牛津大学出版社，该出版社已通知我们，它对考虑出版它有“强烈的兴趣”。