Psychological predictors of compensatory responses to an exercise intervention

运动干预补偿反应的心理预测因子

• 批准号: 8451328
• 负责人: Michael David Schmidt
• 金额: $ 17.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8451328
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Composition; Body Weight; Body Weight decreased; Cardiovascular system; Characteristics; Clinical; Communities; Data; Development; Diet; Dietary intake; Disinhibition; Eating; Eating Behavior; Effectiveness; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Exercise; Fatigue; Financial compensation; Health; Health behavior; Hunger; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Intervention Trial; Investigation; Knowledge; Label; Measures; Modeling; Motivation; Obesity; Perception; Personality Traits; Physical activity; Physiological; Population; Positioning Attribute; Premenopause; Psychological Factors; Relative (related person); Research; Rewards; Sampling; Series; Smoking; Structure; Subgroup; Substance abuse problem; Time; Training Programs; Walking; Weight; Weight Gain; Weight maintenance regimen; Woman; base; behavior change; design; dietary restriction; meetings; prevent; programs; psychologic; response; restraint; sedentary; sex; trait; weight maintenance

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Most individuals seeking to lose weight include increasing physical activity as part of their weight management strategy. For many, however, adding structured exercise does not result in the predicted amount of weight loss. Compensatory increases in energy intake and/or decreases in non-exercise physical activity appear to be significant factors limiting the effectiveness of exercise interventions. For each individual, the type and magnitude of these compensatory responses will predict the effectiveness of exercise to prevent weight gain or promote weight loss and, ultimately, cardiovascular health. Recent research has focused on the timing and magnitude of these compensatory changes in different population subgroups and across different intensities and durations of exercise. However, few studies have sought to identify the characteristics and traits that predict individual differences in the magnitude and direction of these compensatory behaviors. Accordingly, this study aims to: 1) identify psychological predictors of compensatory changes in diet and non-exercise physical activity in response to initiating a structured exercise program; 2) assess the relative importance of diet and activity changes in the total compensatory response; and 3) evaluate the influence of baseline body composition on compensatory changes in energy intake and expenditure. To meet these aims, a uniformity trial comprised of a series of four identical 8-week moderate-intensity walking interventions will be conducted in a community-based sample of 120 sedentary, premenopausal women (n=30 for each intervention). Psychological characteristics and traits known to be related to other health behaviors (e.g. smoking, substance abuse) will be assessed at baseline and compensatory changes in energy intake and energy expenditure will be measured over the course of the intervention. Multiple regression modeling will then be used to identify the psychological and physiological factors that explain substantial individual differences in compensatory behaviors among these women. Knowledge generated from this study will position the team to design a larger weight management intervention trial to explore the efficacy of a tailored approach that recognizes and attempts to manage identified psychological characteristics and traits among individuals differing in weight status.

描述（由申请人提供）：大多数寻求减肥的人包括增加体育活动作为其体重管理策略的一部分。但是，对于许多人来说，添加结构化锻炼不会导致预测的体重减轻量。能量摄入和/或非运动体育锻炼的补偿性增加似乎是限制运动干预措施有效性的重要因素。对于每个人，这些补偿性反应的类型和大小将预测运动的有效性，以防止体重增加或促进体重减轻，最终是心血管健康。最近的研究集中在不同种群亚组以及不同强度和运动持续时间的这些补偿性变化的时间和幅度上。但是，很少有研究试图确定预测这些补偿行为大小和方向的个体差异的特征和特征。因此，本研究的目的是：1）确定饮食代偿性变化和非运动体育锻炼的心理预测因素，以响应启动结构化锻炼计划； 2）评估饮食和活性变化的相对重要性； 3）评估基线身体成分对能量摄入和支出的补偿性变化的影响。为了满足这些目标，将在一个基于社区的120个久坐的久坐前妇女的样本中进行一系列四个相同的8周中等强度步行干预措施的统一试验（每种干预措施n = 30）。将在基线时评估与其他健康行为相关的心理特征和特征（例如吸烟，药物滥用），并将在干预过程中测量能量摄入和能量消耗的补偿性变化。然后，多元回归模型将用于确定心理和生理因素，这些因素解释了这些女性之间的补偿性行为的实质性个体差异。这项研究产生的知识将使团队设计更大的体重管理干预试验，以探索量身定制的方法的功效，该方法识别和尝试管理不同体重状况不同的个体中确定的心理特征和特质。