PS11-003 Minority AIDS Research Initiative

PS11-003 少数民族艾滋病研究计划

• 批准号: 8597296
• 负责人: DEMARC A HICKSON
• 金额: $ 28.36万
• 依托单位: MY BROTHER'S KEEPER, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8597296
• 关键词: PS11; 003; Minority; AIDS; Research

Project Summary/Abstract The etiology of health disparities involves a complex web of factors that interact to produce detrimental health outcomes for particular segments of society. In the United States, the current landscape of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to be shaped by disparities in case distribution, as African Americans (AA) account for more new HIV cases and HIV related deaths than any other racial/ethnic group. Importantly, there were more new HIV infections (52%) among young AA men who have sex with men (MSM; aged 13-29 years) than any other racial/ethnic-sexual orientation/behavior group. Recent studies have found that geographical and neighborhood environments (with environment broadly understood to encompass both physical and social attributes) are associated with sexual behavior and HIV prevalence and incidence. Although the possible role of geographic and neighborhood contexts in HIV has often been emphasized, rigorous investigations of environmental factors are rare. This is due, in part, to the sensitive nature of residential address information of HIV-infected persons and difficulties in identifying and characterizing the relevant social and physical environments. The overall aim of the Geographic and Neighborhood Study of HIV (GANSH) is to examine the associations between geospatial and neighborhood environmental characteristics and psychosocial factors and prevalent HIV/STI among AA MSM in the Jackson, MS metropolitan statistical area (Jackson MSA). The proposed study uses a cross-sectional, multi- level design to examine these associations. Non-linear (i.e., a dichotomized outcome variables) relationships between geographic and neighborhood characteristics and measures of HIV/STI status will be examined using multi-level models with a random neighborhood intercept and random covariate effects. Empirical Bayes and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) methods will be used to estimate and map the area-specific relative risk of HIV as well as the spatial distribution of the associations between behavioral and psychosocial factors and HIV/STI status. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the associations between geospatial and neighborhood characteristics and psychosocial factors and prevalent HIV/STI in AA MSM. The proposed research will provide answers to a wide range of questions of public health importance with direct implications for disease prevention. Moreover, results from the proposed study may change the methodological/theoretical concepts of existing HIV/STI interventions and/or prevention research.

项目总结/摘要 健康差距的病因涉及一系列复杂的因素，这些因素相互作用， 对特定社会阶层的有害健康结果。在美国，目前 人类免疫缺陷病毒（艾滋病毒）的情况继续受到病例差异的影响， 分布，因为非洲裔美国人（AA）占更多的新艾滋病毒病例和艾滋病毒相关死亡 比任何其他种族/民族群体。重要的是，有更多的新的艾滋病毒感染（52%） 在与男性发生性关系的年轻AA男性（MSM;年龄13-29岁）中， 种族/民族-性取向/行为群体。最近的研究发现，地理 和邻近环境（环境被广泛地理解为包括 身体和社会属性）与性行为和艾滋病毒流行有关， 发病率。虽然地理和邻里环境在艾滋病毒中的可能作用往往 虽然强调，严格的环境因素的调查是罕见的。部分原因是， 艾滋病病毒感染者住址信息的敏感性和困难 识别和描述相关的社会和物理环境。 艾滋病毒地理和邻里研究的总体目标是， 研究地理空间和邻里环境特征之间的关联 MS杰克逊AA MSM中的社会心理因素和HIV/STI流行情况 大都会统计区（杰克逊MSA）。这项研究采用了一种跨部门、多方面的方法， 水平设计来检查这些关联。非线性（即，a二分结果变量） 地理和邻里特征与艾滋病毒/性传播感染措施之间的关系 将使用具有随机邻域截距的多级模型来检查状态， 随机协变量效应经验贝叶斯和地理信息系统（GIS）方法 将用于估计和绘制特定地区的艾滋病毒相对风险以及空间分布图。 行为和心理社会因素与艾滋病毒/性传播感染状况之间的关联分布。 据我们所知，这是第一个研究地理空间之间的联系， 社区特征、心理社会因素与艾滋病/性病流行的关系。 拟议中的研究将为一系列广泛的公共卫生问题提供答案 对疾病预防有直接影响。此外，拟议的结果 研究可能会改变现有艾滋病毒/性传播感染干预措施的方法/理论概念 和/或预防研究。