At the Origins of the Case History: Individualized Medicine in Pre-Modern Europe

描述（由申请人提供）：我的书项目的主题是在前现代欧洲医学的案例历史的社会和文化史。我追溯历史的发展，在一个长期的角度来看，通过重建其在古希腊，中世纪欧洲和中世纪阿拉伯医学的前身。然而，我的项目的主要焦点是16世纪一种新的病例叙事体裁的兴起，以及它在17和18世纪发展成为医学写作的主要形式。我追溯早期现代欧洲的情况下，通过分析他们的发展，以前的医学流派和哲学传统的知识背景。我还研究了对病例的新医学关注对早期现代医学以及更广泛地对早期现代学术文化的智力影响。我研究的社会背景下的早期现代的情况下，叙事研究的社会概况的医生谁写他们，并通过跟踪的方式，其中的流通的情况下，叙事是工具，以创造一种新的医疗社区。我还从患者的角度来看待病例叙述，强调他们对个性化医疗护理的期望。我追溯了个体化医疗实践的悠久传统，可以追溯到古代，这在早期现代医学中具有新的货币和意义，并且是早期现代病例叙述兴起的重要因素。了解社会和文化条件的概念和实践的个性化医疗保健是一个首要目标 of my project项目.为了实现这一目标，我将早期现代欧洲的病例叙述集与早期现代中国医学中发展起来的病例集进行了比较，展示了它们是如何根据个人需求量身定制的医疗实践而起源和发展的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The topic of my book project is the social and cultural history of the case history in pre-modern European medicine. I trace the development of the case history in a long-term perspective, by reconstructing its antecedents in ancient Greek, medieval European and medieval Arabic medicine. The main focus of my project, however, is the rise of a new genre of case narrative in the sixteenth century, and its development into a primary form of medical writing over the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. I trace the intellectual background of the early modern European case narratives by analyzing their development out of previous medical genres and philosophical traditions. I also look at the intellectual impact that the new medical focus on cases had on early modern medicine and, more in general, on early modern scholarly culture. I study the social context of the early modern case narratives by examining the social profile of the medical practitioners who wrote them, and by tracing the way in which the circulation of case narratives was instrumental to the creation of a new kind of medical community. I also look at the case narratives from the point of view of the patients, highlighting their expectations about the tailoring of medical care to individual cases. I trace a long tradition of individualized medical practice, dating back to antiquity, which had new currency and significance in early modern medicine, and was an important factor in the early modern rise of the case narratives. Understanding the social and cultural conditions for the concept and practice of individualized medical care is a primary object of my project. To this goal, I compare the early-modern European collections of case narratives with the case collections that developed in early modern Chinese medicine, showing how they both originated and developed in relation to a medical practice tailored to individual needs.