At the Origins of the Case History: Individualized Medicine in Pre-Modern Europe

病例史的起源：前现代欧洲的个体化医疗

• 批准号: 8621178
• 负责人: Gianna Pomata
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-02-15 至 2017-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8621178
• 关键词: Anatomy; Arabic Medicine; Back; Blood Circulation; Books; Caring; Categories; Chinese People; Clinical Medicine; Collection; Communities; Development; Early Modern Medicine; Epistemology; Europe; European; Genomics; Goals; Greek; Human; Individual; Individuality; Learning; Life; Light; Medical; Medical History; Medicine; Modern Medicine; Patients; Personhood; Process; Published Comment; Recipe; Recording of previous events; Religion and Spirituality; Renaissance; Research; Social Environment; Time; Writing; case history; comparative; expectation; interest; rapid growth; social; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The topic of my book project is the social and cultural history of the case history in pre-modern European medicine. I trace the development of the case history in a long-term perspective, by reconstructing its antecedents in ancient Greek, medieval European and medieval Arabic medicine. The main focus of my project, however, is the rise of a new genre of case narrative in the sixteenth century, and its development into a primary form of medical writing over the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. I trace the intellectual background of the early modern European case narratives by analyzing their development out of previous medical genres and philosophical traditions. I also look at the intellectual impact that the new medical focus on cases had on early modern medicine and, more in general, on early modern scholarly culture. I study the social context of the early modern case narratives by examining the social profile of the medical practitioners who wrote them, and by tracing the way in which the circulation of case narratives was instrumental to the creation of a new kind of medical community. I also look at the case narratives from the point of view of the patients, highlighting their expectations about the tailoring of medical care to individual cases. I trace a long tradition of individualized medical practice, dating back to antiquity, which had new currency and significance in early modern medicine, and was an important factor in the early modern rise of the case narratives. Understanding the social and cultural conditions for the concept and practice of individualized medical care is a primary object of my project. To this goal, I compare the early-modern European collections of case narratives with the case collections that developed in early modern Chinese medicine, showing how they both originated and developed in relation to a medical practice tailored to individual needs.

描述（由申请人提供）：我的图书项目的主题是前现代欧洲医学病例史的社会和文化史。我通过重建古希腊、中世纪欧洲和中世纪阿拉伯医学的前身，从长远的角度追踪病例史的发展。然而，我的项目的主要焦点是十六世纪一种新的病例叙事体裁的兴起，以及它在十七和十八世纪发展成为医学写作的主要形式。我通过分析早期现代欧洲案例叙述从先前的医学流派和哲学传统中的发展来追溯其知识背景。我还研究了对病例的新医学关注对早期现代医学以及更广泛地说对早期现代学术文化的智力影响。我通过考察撰写病例叙述的医生的社会概况，并追踪病例叙述的传播对创建新型医学社区的作用，来研究早期现代病例叙述的社会背景。我还从患者的角度来看待病例叙述，强调他们对针对个体病例量身定制医疗护理的期望。我追溯了个体化医疗实践的悠久传统，其历史可以追溯到古代，它在现代早期医学中具有新的流行和意义，并且是现代早期病例叙事兴起的一个重要因素。了解个体化医疗概念和实践的社会和文化条件是首要目标 我的项目。为了实现这一目标，我将早期现代欧洲的病例叙述集与早期现代中医发展起来的病例集进行了比较，展示了它们是如何与针对个人需求的医疗实践相关的起源和发展的。