Development of small near-infrared laser system capable of improving immune respo

描述(由申请人提供)：该项目的广泛和长期目标是在不使用化学或生物佐剂的情况下扩大疫苗的效力。我们将通过论证小型激光设备增强皮内接种反应的可行性来解决这一目标。许多研究人员已经证明，让疫苗发挥更好作用的一个有希望的新方法是，通过短暂暴露在无害的激光下治疗皮肤，然后在该皮肤部位引入疫苗。这种方法可以在不需要化学佐剂的情况下产生更好的疫苗反应。到目前为止，这些响应都是使用大型且相对昂贵的台式设备产生的。 最近，低功率的近红外(NIR)激光也被证明可以显著增强疫苗的反应。这将使使用小型、低成本的近红外激光系统来增强在临床环境中实用的疫苗成为可能。目前还没有这样的便携式设备设计来提供疫苗增强治疗。因此，该项目的目标是1)完成一个原型手持激光，它可以复制较大激光系统的光束参数，该系统已显示出能够诱导对皮内疫苗的免疫反应显著增强，以及2)在已建立的小鼠疫苗接种模型中，证明这种小激光可以产生与较大激光相同的免疫反应。这个项目如果成功，将为更多的测试打开大门 以激光为基础的佐剂与各种疫苗一起使用，将为临床设备的开发奠定基础。 对于这个项目，将使用现有的手持激光设计创建一套手持设备原型。一个器件将使用1064 nm二极管，另一个将使用1300 nm二极管(1300 nm器件将用作负控制系统)。这些设备将使用标准制造工艺制造，并进行台架测试，以表明它们的排放情况类似于已被描述为增强疫苗反应的排放情况。 一旦这些原型被建造并进行了台架测试，它们将与已经证明可以增强疫苗反应的更大的激光系统一起进行测试。利用已建立的小鼠疫苗模型，这些小型激光系统将首先进行测试，以表明治疗剂量是无害的，也不会对皮肤造成损害。随后，将测试它们对流感疫苗产生同等免疫反应的能力，包括预防流感的致命挑战。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad and long-term objective of this project is to amplify the effectiveness of vaccines without the use of chemical or biological adjuvants. We will address this objective by demonstrating the feasibility for small laser- based devices to enhance responses to intradermal vaccination. A number of investigators have shown that a promising new way to make vaccines work better is to treat the skin with a brief exposure to a non-harmful laser light and then introduce the vaccine at that skin site. This approach can result in better vaccine responses without the need for chemical adjuvants. Until now, these responses have been generated using large and relatively expensive bench top devices. Recently, low-power, near-infrared (NIR) laser light has also been shown to significantly enhancing vaccine responses. This would make it possible to use small, low-cost NIR laser systems to enhance vaccines that would be practical in the clinical setting. There are currently no such portable devices designed to deliver vaccine-enhancing treatments. Therefore, the objectives of this project are 1) to complete a prototype handheld laser that can replicate the beam parameters of a larger laser system that has shown the ability to induce significant enhancement of immune responses to intradermal vaccines, and 2) to demonstrate that this small laser can produce equivalent immune responses to the larger laser in an established mouse vaccination model. This project, if successful, will open the door for greater testing of the laser based adjuvant with a variety of vaccines, and will form the foundation for development of clinical-ready devices. For this project, a set of prototype handheld device will be created using an existing handheld laser design. One device will use a 1064 nm diode and the other a 1300 nm diode (the 1300 nm device will serve as a negative control system). These devices will be built using standard fabrication processes and bench tested to show their emission profile is similar to that which has been described as enhancing vaccine responses. Once these prototypes are built and bench-tested, they will be then be tested side by side with the larger laser systems already shown to enhance vaccine responses. Using an established mouse vaccine model, the small laser systems will first be tested to show the treatment doses are non-harmful and non-damaging to the skin. Following this, their ability to produce equivalent immune responses to an influenza vaccination will be tested, including protection against a lethal challenge with influenza.