Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Protection Against Influenza Virus

模式识别受体在预防流感病毒中的作用

• 批准号: 8610233
• 负责人: Balaji Manicassamy
• 金额: $ 24.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-01 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8610233
• 关键词: Affect; American; Antiviral Agents; Antiviral Response; B-Lymphocytes; Cells; Cellular Tropism; Cessation of life; Critical Pathways; Data; Defect; Dendritic Cells; Development; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Domestic Fowls; Epidemic; Epithelial Cells; Equus caballus; Family suidae; Flow Cytometry; Genes; Goals; Health; Hospitalization; Human; Immune; Immune response; Immune system; In Vitro; Infection; Infection Control; Influenza; Influenza A virus; Interferon Type I; Interferon-alpha; Interferons; Kinetics; Knock-in Mouse; Knowledge; Lung; Lung diseases; Mus; Natural Immunity; Nuclear Export; Outcome; PTPN11 gene; Pattern; Pattern recognition receptor; Physiological; Play; Process; Production; Proteins; RNA; RNA Processing; Reporter; Reporter Genes; Risk; Role; Shapes; TLR7 gene; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Tretinoin; Tropism; United States; Vaccine Adjuvant; Viral; Viral Load result; Viral Pathogenesis; Virulence; Virus; Virus Diseases; adaptive immunity; aquatic bird; cell type; cytokine; economic impact; human TLR3 protein; immune RNA; in vivo; influenza virus INS1 protein; influenzavirus; macrophage; mouse model; mutant; novel therapeutics; pandemic disease; pathogen; prevent; promoter; receptor; recombinant virus; respiratory; respiratory virus; response; seal; sensor; socioeconomics; tool; virus development; virus host interaction; virus tropism

Project Summary Influenza virus causes a serious respiratory illness affecting nearly 1 out of 5 Americans annually, resulting in 226,000 hospitalizations and up to 49,000 deaths. Apart from yearly seasonal outbreaks, influenza virus can cause frequent epidemics and occasional pandemics in humans. Influenza A virus can also infect a variety of other species including poultry, aquatic birds, horses, pigs and seals. Hence, influenza viruses are a threat not only humans but also to domestic poultry and wildlife, and viral outbreaks can have a major socio-economic impact worldwide. Accumulating evidence indicates that early innate immune responses to influenza infection largely determine the outcome of the infection and survival of the host. This early response to influenza virus infection is initiated by the activation of innate immune sensors called the "pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs)" present in the host cell. They detect the viral components and trigger the production of type I interferon (IFNa/b) and other cytokines. This first response is critical for effectively mounting antiviral responses against the virus and development of proper adaptive immune response. Not surprisingly, influenza virus blocks the production of type I IFN at several cellular steps via its multifunctional protein NS1 and thereby dampens the host immune response. However, little is known about the early innate immune responses activated by PRRs, how their activation controls viral replication, the respiratory cell types involved in protection and contribution of NS1 in influenza virus virulence. These studies are challenging to investigate in vivo, partly because there is no efficient replication-competent virus expressing an easily traceable reporter gene. So, the current proposal is aimed to gain a stronger fundamental understanding of (Aim1) the detailed dynamics of interplay between PRRs and influenza virus, and (Aim2) the importance of viral-host antagonist NS1 in limiting host immune response and viral pathogenesis, using the recently generated influenza GFP/RFP reporter viruses. The information gained from this study can be exploited in developing new therapeutic strategies to prevent influenza virus spreading and reducing disease.

项目总结