Social Networks and Technology Use of Transgender Women with/at High Risk for HIV

艾滋病毒高危跨性别女性的社交网络和技术使用

• 批准号: 8732209
• 负责人: Cathy J Reback
• 金额: $ 19.48万
• 依托单位: FRIENDS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8732209
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Affect; African American; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Characteristics; Communities; County; Data; Development; Discrimination; Economics; Elements; Face; Feedback; Female; Focus Groups; Gender Identity; Goals; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health; Homelessness; Hormones; Individual; Institutes; Intervention; Interview; Latina; Lead; Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Intersex; Los Angeles; Maps; Measures; Modeling; Native Americans; Network-based; Participant; Pattern; Phase; Population; Prejudice; Prevalence; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Social Network; Social support; Societies; Specific qualifier value; Structure; Technology; Testing; Unemployment; United States National Institutes of Health; Woman; Work; base; behavioral/social science; cofactor; density; design; efficacy testing; high risk; housing instability; injection drug use; innovation; male; member; protective behavior; public health relevance; response; sex; social; social capital; social networking website; social stigma; tool; transgender; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): High-risk male-to-female transgender women (hereafter "transwomen") face numerous concurrent cofactors for HIV acquisition and transmission including substance use, engagement in sex work, unemployment, low educational attainment, homelessness and hormone misuse. In Los Angeles County, estimates of HIV prevalence among transwomen are 15% overall, and 17% among Latinas, 29% among Native Americans, and 48% among African American/black transwomen. As a result of discrimination/stigma, prejudice, and individual and structural forms of transphobia, transwomen form dense communities comprised primarily of other transwomen. Transwomen use social network sites (SNS) and technology-based ("tech") networking platforms to develop social support structures, connect with members of their community, receive positive and re- affirming perspectives on their gender identity, and inform behavioral norms and gain access to transgender specific resources (e.g., illegal hormones, sex work partners). In response to PA-12-113, "Research on the Health of LGBTI Populations," and consistent with the priorities for behavioral and social sciences outlined in the HIV-Related Research Plan put forward by the Office of AIDS Research of the National Institutes of Health and the Trans-NIH plan for 2014, this proposed project seeks to conduct formative research to examine how the egocentric structure and composition of transwomens' social networks and SNS/tech use affect their engagement in HIV risk/protective behaviors. During Phase 1, focus groups will be conducted to guide the development of culturally competent assessments (an iPad Social Network Interview [SNI] and ACASI), which will then undergo a feasibility pilot test. During Phase 2, a diverse sample of transwomen (N=300) will be recruited to complete the two-part assessment. The specific aims of this research are: 1) Develop and assess the feasibility and utility of culturally competent assessments to study the social networks, HIV risk/protective behaviors, and SNS/tech use of transwomen; 2) Determine how characteristics of transwomen's social networks, as well as the behavior of other people (i.e., "alters") in those networks, influence engagement in HIV risk/protective behaviors; and, 3) Determine how SNS/tech use with network alters influences participants' engagement in HIV risk/protective behaviors. Statistical analyses will use hierarchically clustered models that nest participants within their reported social networks. The proposed research will specify the social network dynamics driving transwomen's HIV risk/protective behaviors to inform the development a R34 application to test the efficacy of a culturally competent SNS/tech-based HIV intervention tailored specifically for transwomen.

描述（由申请人提供）：高风险的男-女跨性别妇女（以下简称“跨性别妇女”）面临着许多艾滋病毒感染和传播的并发辅助因素，包括药物使用、从事性工作、失业、教育程度低、无家可归和激素滥用。在洛杉矶县，跨性别妇女的艾滋病毒感染率估计为15%，拉丁裔为17%，美洲原住民为29%，非洲裔美国人/黑人跨性别妇女为48%。由于歧视/污名化、偏见以及个别和结构性的变性恐惧症，变性妇女形成了主要由其他变性妇女组成的密集社区。跨性别女性使用社交网站（SNS）和基于技术（“技术”）的网络平台来发展社会支持结构，与其社区成员联系，接收关于其性别身份的积极和重新肯定的观点，并告知行为规范并获得跨性别特定资源（例如，非法荷尔蒙，性工作伙伴）。为了响应PA-12-113，“关于LGBTI人群健康的研究”，并与美国国立卫生研究院艾滋病研究办公室提出的艾滋病毒相关研究计划和2014年跨NIH计划中概述的行为和社会科学优先事项一致，这个拟议的项目旨在进行形成性研究，以研究跨性别女性的社交网络和SNS/技术使用影响他们参与艾滋病毒风险/保护行为。在第一阶段，将进行焦点小组，以指导文化能力评估（iPad社交网络访谈[SNI]和ACASI）的开发，然后进行可行性试点测试。在第2阶段，将招募不同的跨性别女性样本（N=300）来完成两部分评估。本研究的具体目的是：1）开发和评估文化的可行性和效用 有能力的评估，以研究跨性别者的社交网络、艾滋病毒风险/保护行为和社交网络/技术使用; 2）确定跨性别者的社交网络的特征，以及其他人的行为（即，“改变”）在这些网络中，影响参与艾滋病毒风险/保护行为;以及，3）确定SNS/技术与网络改变的使用如何影响参与者参与艾滋病毒风险/保护行为。统计分析将使用分层聚类模型，将参与者嵌套在他们报告的社交网络中。拟议的研究将详细说明推动跨性别女性的艾滋病毒风险/保护行为的社会网络动态，以告知R34应用程序的开发，以测试专门为跨性别女性量身定制的文化能力SNS/基于技术的艾滋病毒干预措施的有效性。