Advanced Training in Urologic Oncology

描述（由申请人提供）：泌尿系统癌症对美国人的健康造成了重大负担。2012年，估计将有5.8万人死于泌尿科医生治疗的癌症，这一数字占所有癌症死亡人数的近10%。鉴于泌尿系统癌症一般倾向于影响老年人，随着美国总人口的老龄化，这些数字预计只会在未来几十年上升。与此同时，癌症领域的转化科学和卫生服务研究的创新和发现步伐继续加快。这些综合因素需要一支准备充分的研究型工作队伍，能够提出和回答与临床相关的科学问题，这些问题有可能转化为有影响力的发现。值得注意的是，许多消息来源表明，今天只有一小部分泌尿外科医生拥有这种技能。T32申请的主要目标是根据受训者的兴趣，提供综合培训计划，包括转化实验室科学或健康服务研究方面的指导培训选择，为泌尿外科受训者在泌尿肿瘤学方面的学术生涯做好准备。该项目的调查主题将基于密歇根大学综合癌症中心的21名外部资助的多学科教员的研究重点和专业知识，这些教员来自泌尿外科、内科、放射肿瘤学、病理学、外科、人类遗传学、和药理学——所有这些都来自密歇根大学医学院，以及密歇根大学公共卫生学院和密歇根大学牙科学院的教员。这项建议是一项新的申请，每年交替培训1-2名研究员，为期2年。泌尿肿瘤学培训计划（UOTP）的主要目标是为学术泌尿肿瘤学领域的研究和教学生涯做好准备。有医学博士或医学博士/博士学位的泌尿外科住院医师。学位将符合条件。UOTP是围绕导师指导的研究项目和必修的核心课程组成的，这些课程包括可能导致硕士学位的特定研究生水平课程。接受后，每个学员将在两个方向中选择一个：转化实验室科学或卫生服务研究。该方案的目标是确保每个受训人员：1)设计、实施、分析和报告一个研究项目；2)获得关于基本研究方法的正式指导；3)获得关于癌症生物学基本原理（转化科学方向）或开展卫生服务研究的基本要素（卫生服务方向）的指导。将特别强调制定和测试解决临床重要问题的假设。将向所有受训者提供有效交流科学成果和准备拨款方面的额外培训。UOTP的最终目标是培养学员在泌尿肿瘤学术领域的独立职业生涯。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Urologic cancers impose a significant burden on the health of Americans. In 2012, an estimated 58,000 individuals will die from cancers that fall under an urologist's care, a figure that accounts for close to 10% of all cancer mortality. Given the general propensity for urologic cancers to affect older people, these numbers are only expected to rise over the next several decades as the overall population of the United States ages. At the same time, the pace of innovation and discovery in translational science and health services research in the area of cancer continues to accelerate. These combined factors require a well prepared research oriented work force that is capable of asking and answering clinically relevant scientific questions that have potential to be translated into impactful discoveries. Notably, a number of sources suggest that today, only a small fraction of urologic surgeons possess such skills. The primary goal of this T32 application is to prepare urology trainees for an academic career in urologic oncology by providing a comprehensive training program comprised of mentored training options in either translational laboratory science or health services research, based upon trainee interest. Investigative themes of the program will be based on the research focus and expertise of a group of 21 multi-disciplinary externally funded faculty members in the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center composed of individuals from the Departments of Urology, Internal Medicine, Radiation Oncology, Pathology, Surgery, Human Genetics, and Pharmacology- all in the University of Michigan Medical School as well as faculty from the University of Michigan School of Public Health and the University of Michigan School of Dentistry. This proposal is a new application to train 1-2 fellows per year, on an alternate basis, for 2 years. The major objective of the Urologic Oncology Training Program (UOTP) is to prepare individuals for research and teaching careers in the field of academic Urologic Oncology. Graduating urology residents having an M.D. or M.D./PhD. degree will be eligible. The UOTP is structured around a research project supervised by the mentor and a required core curriculum comprised of specific graduate level courses that may lead to a Masters degree. Following acceptance, each trainee will choose between 1 of 2 tracks: translational laboratory science or health services research. The goals of the program are to ensure that each trainee: 1) design, implement, analyze and report a research project, 2) obtain formal instruction on fundamental research methods and 3) gain instruction on either fundamental principles of cancer biology (translational science track) or essential elements of conducting health services research (health services track). There will be a special emphasis on formulating and testing hypotheses that address clinically important questions. Additional training in the effective communication of scientific results as well as grant preparation will be provided to all trainees. The ultimate goal of the UOTP is to prepare trainees for independent careers in academic urologic oncology.