Multiplexed Detection of Traumatic Brain Injury Biomarkers with An Optical Latera

描述：创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是一个主要的国家健康问题。在美国，每年至少有170万人患有创伤性脑损伤。每年有5.2万名平民死于与泰米尔猛虎组织有关的伤害。目前，对创伤性脑损伤的初步评估要么基于对刺激/问题的反应，要么基于意识丧失和行为改变等症状。初步评估的结果将用于证明是否需要用计算机断层扫描（CT）或磁共振成像（MRI）进行神经影像学检查。目前的评估技术对轻度脑损伤的敏感性和特异性较低。另外，没有

DESCRIPTION: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major national health problem. Every year at least 1.7 million people suffer from TBI in the USA. 52,000 civilians die due to the TBI-related injuries every year. Currently, initial assessment of TBI is based on either the response to stimuli/questions or the symptoms such as losses of consciousness and altered behaviors. The outcome of initial assessment will then be used to justify the need of neuroimaging with computed tomography (CT) scanning or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The current assessment techniques have low sensitivity and specificity for mild brain injuries. In addition, no in vitro diagnostic tool is commercially available to rapidly identify and differentiate between mid and severe concussions. There is a critical need to develop a point-of-care (POC) device to rapidly determine if brain injury has happened and its severity in an emergency department or in a clinic. The objective of the project is to develop a lateral-flow device based on surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for multiplexed detection of TBI biomarkers in blood. The proposed device is able to measure three most recognized TBI biomarkers including S-100¿, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). In this lateral flow device, three SERS sensors are integrated with the microfluidic modules on a single chip, which enables the plasma separation from whole blood, transportation of sample and reagents, and sensing measurement. For the SERS sensors, a plasmonic nanostructure is developed by nanotechnology to enhance the sensitivity. The portable device can be used as a point-of-care (POC) device for directly measuring multiple TBI biomarkers in blood without the need of blood sample pretreatment in a centralized laboratory prior to biomarker detection. The device can provide the data for early TBI prognosis, and guide additional confirmatory testing. Hence, it is able to assist rapid screening of TBI patients in an emergency department or in a clinic. The data obtained by the device can also be used for guiding the TBI treatment. The proposed research lies at the interface of nanotechnology, materials science, biology and health science. The inherently interdisciplinary nature of this proposed project offers opportunities for training students in diverse research areas.