Factors influencing the behavioral assessment of hearing during infancy and childhood

影响婴儿期和儿童期听力行为评估的因素

• 批准号: 8859949
• 负责人: Emily Buss
• 金额: $ 32.3万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2020-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8859949
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Age; Attention; Auditory; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Sciences; Cochlear Implants; Cognitive; Conditioned Reflex; Data; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Environment; Evaluation; External auditory canal; Facial Expression; Frequencies; Goals; Gold; Head; Hearing; Human; Individual; Infant; Laboratories; Labyrinth; Loudness; Masks; Measures; Memory; Methodology; Methods; Monitor; Noise; Pattern; Performance; Play; Population; Procedures; Process; Psychoacoustics; Relative (related person); Research; Role; Sensorineural Hearing Loss; Source; Techniques; Testing; Time; Toddler; Weight; Work; base; behavior test; behavioral response; clinically significant; cognitive process; early childhood; flexibility; hearing impairment; improved; infancy; innovation; insight; middle ear; novel; public health relevance; research study; response; selective attention; sound; speech recognition

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Behavioral assessment is the gold standard for characterizing hearing in infants and children, in both clinical and laboratory settings. Behaviora data play a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of hearing loss, and they represent our most comprehensive source of information about the time-course of typical auditory development. Despite their practical and theoretical importance, the interpretation of behavioral data is complicated by the contribution of multiple factors, including sensorineural encoding of sound, central auditory processing, and cognitive factors specific to behavioral testing. Disentangling these factors is essential to accurately describing human auditory development, and to the diagnosis of hearing loss and accurate fitting of auditory prostheses during infancy and childhood. The long-term goal of this research is to identify the factors responsible for immature auditory behavior in infants and children, and to develop techniques for differentiating the contributions of these factors in individual listeners. This is accomplished with three specifi aims. The first aim is to test the hypothesis that self-generated noise elevates detection thresholds in young listeners, particularly at low frequencies. The second aim is to evaluate central auditory processing and general cognitive factors limiting performance of young listeners, including memory for pitch and loudness, the ability to listen selectively in frequency r time, and the ability to capitalize on the context present in a closed-set speech recognition task. The third aim is to evaluate novel procedures for improving behavioral assessment of hearing in infants, toddlers, and `hard-to-test' children with hearing loss. The proposed work is of theoretical and clinical significance, in that it examines how the various factors contributing to auditory behavior limit performance across age and within individuals. The results obtained are expected to advance assessment methodologies in clinical and basic science settings.

 描述（由申请人提供）：行为评估是在临床和实验室环境中表征婴儿和儿童听力特征的黄金标准。行为数据在听力损失的诊断和治疗中发挥着至关重要的作用，它们代表了我们关于典型听觉发育时间过程的最全面的信息来源。尽管它们在实践和理论上都很重要，但行为数据的解释由于多种因素的影响而变得复杂，包括声音的感觉神经编码、中枢听觉处理和行为测试特有的认知因素。解开这些因素对于准确描述人类听觉发育、诊断听力损失以及准确安装婴儿期和儿童期听觉假体至关重要。这项研究的长期目标是确定导致婴儿和儿童不成熟听觉行为的因素，并开发区分这些因素对个别听众的贡献的技术。这是通过三个具体目标来实现的。第一个目标是检验以下假设：自生噪声会提高年轻听众的检测阈值，特别是在低频下。第二个目标是评估限制年轻听众表现的中枢听觉处理和一般认知因素，包括对音调和响度的记忆、在频率 r 时间内选择性聆听的能力，以及利用封闭集语音识别任务中存在的上下文的能力。 第三个目标是评估改善婴儿、幼儿和“难以测试”听力损失儿童听力行为评估的新程序。这项工作具有理论和临床意义，因为它研究了影响听觉行为的各种因素如何限制不同年龄和个人的表现。所获得的结果预计将推进临床和基础科学环境中的评估方法。