VISUAL FIELD EXPANSION THROUGH INNOVATIVE MULTIPLEXING PRISM DESIGN

描述（由申请人提供）：严重的周边视野丧失（PFL）有时被称为隧道视觉，是视网膜色素变性和相关疾病以及青光眼的结果。 目前没有有效的助视器，这些患者的行动能力受到严重影响，这种损害。 视觉多路复用的新概念作为低视力装置的设计原理，为许多视野损失装置的开发提供了指导。 通过移位的空间多路复用与双眼多路复用相结合，已被证明是用于正视偏盲的有效辅助。 这种方法被称为EP棱镜，使用单侧棱镜，并应用于双重视觉耐受良好的周边领域，并已发展成为一种成功的光学治疗。 在许多研究中，一半或一半以上的患者安装了EP棱镜，长期继续佩戴和使用该器械，并报告活动性改善。 对于PFL，Trifield棱镜眼镜，一种将中心视觉混淆应用于隧道视觉患者的双眼多路复用设备（例如， 例如，在一个实施例中，由于RP）被证明更加困难。 尽管没有其他可用的辅助手段，尽管它对25%的患者有效，但它还没有进入市场。 这是非常复杂的建设和大多数病人发现中央复视它强加令人不安。 考虑到这两种方法的成功和局限性，严重PFL患者的主要要求，以及行走情况的动态，我们设计了一种新的视觉辅助设备，Quadrafield透镜（创建人工周边视觉岛）。 这是通过应用近外围场扩展来实现的，同时避免了现有设计的中心混淆和场折衷。 我们还发明了一种新的光学元件，一种“多路复用棱镜”，可以应用于这个和其他设备。 多路复用棱镜提供移位和直接透视视场的同时（单目）叠加视图。 透视视图的维持允许治疗单眼患者。 它还允许将棱镜安装得更靠近中央视野，即使由于头部运动而偶尔侵入，中央凹视觉也不会完全被阻挡。 此外，我们还发现了一种方法，通过棱镜将常规的垂直磁头摆动运动转换为横向扫描，实现时间复用。 在这里，我们建议实施，调整，并测试的有效性的多路复用棱镜作为辅助PFL，当使用在Quadrafield透镜在实验室研究和最终在一个多中心的随机对照临床试验。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Severe peripheral field loss (PFL) sometimes called tunnel vision is a result of retinitis pigmentosa and related diseases as well as glaucoma. Currently there are no effective visual aids for these patients whose mobility is seriously affecte by this impairment. The novel concept of vision multiplexing as a design principle for low vision devices has provided guidance for the development of numerous devices for visual field losses. Spatial multiplexing by shifting, combined with biocular multiplexing, has been a proven effective aid for homonymous hemianopia. This approach, known as EP Prisms, uses unilateral prisms, and is applied to the peripheral field where double vision is well tolerated, and has evolved into a successful optical treatment. In numerous studies half or more of patients fitted with the EP prisms continue to wear and use the device over a long term and reported improved mobility. For PFL, Trifield prism spectacles, a biocular multiplexing device that applied central visual confusion to patients with tunnel vision (e. g., due to RP) has proven much more difficult. Despite there being no alternative aids available, and despite it being effective for 25% of patients, it has not made inroads in the marketplace. It is very complicated to construct and most patient find the central double vision it imposes disturbing. In considering the successful and limiting aspects of both approaches, the main requirements of patients with severe PFL, and the dynamic of a walking situation, we have designed a new visual aid, Quadrafield lens (creating artificial peripheral visual islands). This is achieved by applying near peripheral fiel expansion while avoiding the central confusion and fields tradeoffs of prior designs. We also invented a new optical element, a "multiplexing prism" that can be applied to this and other devices. Multiplexing prisms provide simultaneous (monocularly) superimposed views of the shifted and direct see-through fields of view. The maintenance of the see through view permits treatment of monocular patients. It also permits fitting the prisms closer to the central field, a even with occasional encroachment, due to head movements, foveal vision is not completely blocked. In addition we have found a way to convert the regular vertical head bobbing motion into a lateral scanning through the prisms, implementing temporal multiplexing. Here we propose to implement, tune, and test the effectiveness of the multiplexing prisms as an aid for PFL, when used in the Quadrafield lens in laboratory studies and culminating in a multicenter randomized control clinical trial.