Collaborative biosocial research on HIV risk and prevention in women

关于女性艾滋病毒风险和预防的生物社会合作研究

• 批准号: 8605383
• 负责人: TATIANA N BALACHOVA
• 金额: $ 20.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-03-20 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8605383
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attitude; Belief; Bilateral; Biosocial; Characteristics; Clinic; Clinical Trials Design; Collaborations; Communities; Comorbidity; Contraceptive methods; Data; Elements; Engineering; Female of child bearing age; Fetal Alcohol Exposure; Focus Groups; Funding; Gender; General Population; Goals; HIV; HIV risk; Health Sciences; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Lead; Modeling; Oklahoma; Pattern; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention approach; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Primary Health Care; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Design; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Reduction; Role; Rural; Russia; Sampling; Structure; Surveys; Testing; Universities; Woman; Work; arm; base; control trial; design; improved; information gathering; innovation; peer; peer influence; programs; public health relevance; randomized trial; response; sexually active; transmission process; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This R21 proposal is in response to NOT-MH-12-001, the US-Russia Bilateral Collaborative Research Partnerships (CRP) on the Prevention and Treatment of HIV/AIDS and Co-morbidities. The proposed study will gather information about HIV testing utilization and influences on HIV testing decisions among young, general population Russian women at-risk of HIV exposure. The study will compare HIV testing acceptance across two types of low-barrier testing strategies (opt-in vs. opt-out) and will conduct one of the first randomized experimental comparisons of these strategies. HIV testing is a key element of HIV transmission prevention that is particularly salient for women in the general population. The study will make innovative use of focus groups to gather qualitative data and to determine if participation in peer discussion may lead to reconsideration of testing decisions among testing non-acceptors. The overarching goal is to gain knowledge that can be used to increase utilization of HIV testing among at-risk young women in Russia and offer urgently needed gender- specific strategies for improving prevention. The proposal builds on an established collaborative research program between the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC) and St. Petersburg State University (SPSU). Study aims include: (1) estimating HIV risk prevalence, attitudes, beliefs, and barriers that influence testing decisions; (2) experimentally comparing opt-in vs. opt-out HIV testing strategies and exploring subpopulation moderating effects; (3) estimating the number of testing non-acceptors who might accept testing after peer discussion about testing in a focus group; and (4) based on the information obtained in aims 1-3, developing a strategy for increasing HIV testing and risk reduction among young Russian women. To our knowledge, this project will be among the first that focuses on sexually active young Russian women in the general population to identify gender-specific HIV risk and prevention strategies, reduce HIV transmission, and experimentally compare opt-in vs. opt-out testing strategies. The study will provide critical information about the role of testing barriers, testing presentation, and peer influence on HIV testing decisions, which can be used to engineer and refine public health strategies.

描述（由申请人提供）：本 R21 提案是对 NOT-MH-12-001（美俄预防和治疗艾滋病毒/艾滋病及合并症双边合作研究伙伴关系 (CRP)）的回应。拟议的研究将收集有关艾滋病毒检测的利用情况以及对有艾滋病毒暴露风险的俄罗斯年轻女性中艾滋病毒检测决策的影响的信息。该研究将比较两种低门槛检测策略（选择加入与选择退出）的 HIV 检测接受度，并将对这些策略进行首次随机实验比较。艾滋病毒检测是预防艾滋病毒传播的一个关键要素，对于普通人群中的女性尤其重要。该研究将创新地​​利用焦点小组来收集定性数据，并确定参与同行讨论是否可能导致不接受测试者重新考虑测试决定。总体目标是获得可用于提高俄罗斯高危年轻女性艾滋病毒检测利用率的知识，并提供迫切需要的针对性别的策略来改善预防。该提案建立在俄克拉荷马大学健康科学中心 (OUHSC) 和圣彼得堡州立大学 (SPSU) 之间既定的合作研究计划的基础上。研究目的包括：（1）估计艾滋病毒风险流行率、态度、信仰和影响检测决策的障碍； (2) 通过实验比较选择加入与选择退出的 HIV 检测策略并探索亚群调节效应； (3) 在焦点小组中对测试进行同行讨论后，估计可能接受测试的不接受测试者的数量； (4) 根据目标 1-3 中获得的信息，制定一项战略，以增加俄罗斯年轻女性的艾滋病毒检测和降低风险。据我们所知，该项目将是第一个关注普通人群中性活跃的年轻俄罗斯女性的项目，以确定特定性别的艾滋病毒风险和预防策略，减少艾滋病毒传播，并通过实验比较选择加入和选择退出测试策略。该研究将提供有关测试障碍作用的关键信息， 检测演示以及同伴对艾滋病毒检测决策的影响，可用于设计和完善公共卫生策略。