Role of Peanut Allergen in Urban Schools and Preschools

花生过敏原在城市学校和幼儿园中的作用

• 批准号: 8897988
• 负责人: William James Sheehan
• 金额: $ 18.3万
• 依托单位: BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8897988
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Air; Allergens; Allergic; Allergic Disease; Allergy to peanuts; Arachis hypogaea; Area; Asthma; Biometry; Boston; Child; Childhood; Childhood Asthma; Clinical; Clinical Research; Clinical Sciences; Cutaneous; Data; Development; Development Plans; Disease; Dust; Eczema; Education; Endotoxins; Enrollment; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Exposure to; Five-Year Plans; Floor; Food; Food Hypersensitivity; Funding; Future; Gene Mutation; Goals; Gold; Health; Home environment; House Dust; Human; Hypersensitivity; Immunology; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Life; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Medical; Medical Genetics; Mentors; Mentorship; Modeling; Molds; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Mus; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Parents; Pediatric Hospitals; Positioning Attribute; Predictive Factor; Predisposition; Prevalence; Proteins; Public Policy; Questionnaires; Recommendation; Research Design; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Proposals; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Schools; Science; Secure; Students; Surface; Symptoms; Time; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Vacuum; Work; Writing; airborne allergen; asthmatic; career development; design; environmental allergen; filaggrin; food allergen; high risk; inner city; innovation; medical schools; neglect; novel strategies; primary outcome; programs; research and development; skills

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal details a five-year plan to provide the candidate, William Sheehan, MD, with the knowledge and expertise to become an independent investigator in the field of Allergy and Immunology. The proposed research project is centered on a novel strategy of evaluating the amount of detectable environmental peanut protein exposure in childhood environments, such as homes, schools, and preschools. It has recently been theorized that avoidance of foods at a young age has contributed to the rise in food allergies, because children were instead becoming sensitized by cutaneous exposure to small amounts of food proteins in the environment. Dr. Sheehan presents preliminary data demonstrating detectable amounts of peanut protein (Ara h 2) in schools and homes. The candidate will use the established infrastructure of his mentor, Dr. Wanda Phipatanakul (current NIAID-funded study entitled School and Inner City Asthma Study); to further explore the study of peanut protein in the environment by analyzing vacuumed dust and table wipe samples. In addition to evaluating homes and schools, peanut-free preschools serving very young children will also be evaluated. Additionally, Dr. Sheehan will evaluate the effect of this environmental peanut exposure on health outcomes. Specifically, he will investigate the effect of exposure to environmental peanut protein on asthma morbidity with a particular focus on children considered to be at the highest risk of being affected by this cutaneous exposure. The "at risk" group will be defined by an enrolled subject with any one of the following conditions: (1) peanut allergy, (2) eczema, or (3) filaggrin gene mutation. Dr. Sheehan will work under the mentorship of Dr. Phipatanakul, an expert in environmental exposures and the relationship with allergic diseases. Dr. Sheehan has also assembled a team of extraordinary researchers, including Drs. Diane Gold, Raif Geha, and Brent Coull, who have committed their time, resources, and expertise to facilitate his career development and research goals. During the period of support for the candidate, he will engage in formal education on clinical research by obtaining a Master of Medical Sciences (MMSc) degree from the Scholars in Clinical Science Program at Harvard Medical School. This program will provide him with further skills in advanced biostatistics, epidemiology, clinical study design, clinical genetics, and scientific writing. Under the guidance of his primary mentor and collaborative team, in an ideal scientific and clinical environment at Boston Children's Hospital, the research project and career development plan will position the candidate to secure independent NIH funding and to establish himself as an independent clinical researcher in the field of environmental food exposures and allergic diseases, a relatively neglected area of investigation.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案详细介绍了一个五年计划，旨在为候选人 William Sheehan 医学博士提供成为过敏和免疫学领域独立研究者的知识和专业知识。拟议的研究项目以一种新策略为中心，评估儿童环境（例如家庭、学校和幼儿园）中可检测到的环境花生蛋白暴露量。最近有理论认为，年轻时避免进食会导致食物过敏的增加，因为儿童皮肤接触环境中的少量食物蛋白质反而变得敏感。 Sheehan 博士提供了初步数据，证明学校和家庭中可检测到的花生蛋白 (Ara h 2) 含量。候选人将使用其导师 Wanda Phipatanakul 博士的现有基础设施（目前由 NIAID 资助的研究，题为“学校和内城哮喘研究”）；通过分析真空灰尘和擦拭样品，进一步探索环境中花生蛋白的研究。除了评估家庭和学校外，还将评估为幼儿提供服务的无花生幼儿园。此外，希恩博士将评估这种环境花生暴露对健康结果的影响。具体来说，他将研究暴露于环境花生蛋白对哮喘发病率的影响，特别关注被认为受这种皮肤暴露影响最高风险的儿童。 “处于危险中”的群体将是 由患有以下任何一种情况的登记受试者定义：(1) 花生过敏，(2) 湿疹，或 (3) 聚丝蛋白基因突变。 Sheehan 博士将在 Phipatanakul 博士的指导下工作，Phipatanakul 博士是环境暴露和过敏性疾病关系方面的专家。希恩博士还组建了一支由杰出研究人员组成的团队，其中包括博士。 Diane Gold、Raif Geha 和 Brent Coull 贡献了自己的时间、资源和专业知识来促进他的职业发展和研究目标。在资助候选人期间，他将获得哈佛医学院临床科学学者项目的医学科学硕士学位（MMSc），从事正规的临床研究教育。该计划将为他提供高级生物统计学、流行病学、临床研究设计、临床遗传学和科学写作方面的进一步技能。在其主要导师和合作团队的指导下，在波士顿儿童医院理想的科学和临床环境中，研究项目和职业发展计划将使候选人获得独立的NIH资助，并在环境食品暴露和过敏性疾病这一相对被忽视的研究领域成为独立的临床研究员。