Seminal Microbiota Associated with Inflammation and HIV Transmission

精液微生物群与炎症和艾滋病毒传播相关

• 批准号: 9221010
• 负责人: Deborah J Anderson
• 金额: $ 24.68万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-16 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9221010
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Address; Affect; Anaerobic Bacteria; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-inflammatory; Antibiotics; Anus; Archives; Awareness; Bacteria; Cells; Chlamydia trachomatis; Gene Amplification; Genital system; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; Heterosexuals; High Prevalence; Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy; Hygiene; Incidence; Infection; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Leukocytes; Male Genital Organs; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Pattern; Play; Population; Predisposition; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Probiotics; Recruitment Activity; Rectum; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Sampling Studies; Seminal; Seminal fluid; Sex Behavior; Simplexvirus; Swab; Syndrome; Techniques; Urethra; Urine; Viral Load result; cohort; cytokine; genital microbiome; high risk; inflammatory marker; insight; men; men who have sex with men; microbiome; microbiota; neutrophil; pathogen; penis foreskin; rRNA Genes; rectal; rectal microbicide; reproductive tract; sex; sexual HIV transmission; sexually active; transmission process

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for HIV transmission and acquisition. MSM have a high prevalence of an asymptomatic genital tract inflammatory syndrome, called leukocytospermia (LCS), characterized by elevated concentrations of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (≥106/ml), proinflammatory cytokines and HIV host cells in semen. We and others have shown that LCS is highly associated with seminal HIV shedding. Although it is widely suspected that LCS has an infectious origin, etiologic agents have not been conclusively identified. We propose to use archived semen samples from a recent study on HIV in semen of sexually active MSM on HAART to identify specific microbiota that are associated with LCS, proinflammatory cytokines, and seminal HIV shedding. We hypothesize that the high prevalence of LCS and HIV in semen of MSM is attributable to colonization of the male genital tract with proinflammatory anaerobic bacteria of rectal origin. We will also compare the microbiome and inflammation markers in prospectively collected semen and other genital samples from sexually active HIV-uninfected MSM and heterosexual men to further establish a relationship between MSM sexual behavior, microflora and inflammation, and to address the possibility that inflammatory microflora increase the risk of HIV acquisition in uninfected MSM. The goal of this project is to provide insight into new potentially preventable or treatable risk factors for HIV transmission in MSM to reduce the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in this population.

男男性行为者（MSM）是艾滋病毒传播和感染的高危人群。 MSM有一个无症状的生殖道炎症综合征，称为高患病率 白细胞精子症（LCS），以多形核白细胞增多为特征 精液中的白细胞（≥106/ml）、促炎细胞因子和HIV宿主细胞。我们和其他人 已经表明LCS与精液中的HIV脱落高度相关。虽然人们普遍 怀疑LCS具有感染性起源，病原体尚未得到结论性的证实。 鉴定我们建议使用最近一项关于精液中艾滋病毒的研究中存档的精液样本， 性活跃的MSM在HAART上识别与LCS相关的特定微生物群， 促炎细胞因子和精液HIV脱落。我们假设 MSM精液中LCS和HIV的流行可归因于男性生殖器的定植 直肠源性促炎性厌氧菌。我们还将比较 前瞻性收集的精液和其他生殖器中的微生物组和炎症标志物 从性活跃的未感染艾滋病毒的男男性行为者和异性恋男性中采集样本，以进一步建立一个 MSM性行为、微生物菌群和炎症之间的关系，并探讨 炎性微生物群增加未感染MSM感染HIV风险的可能性。 这个项目的目标是提供对新的潜在的可预防或可治疗的风险的深入了解 艾滋病毒在男男性接触者中传播的因素，以降低艾滋病毒/艾滋病在这一地区的高流行率。 人口