Impaired Control over Alcohol Consumption: Laboratory and Field Investigations

摘要 在美国，过度饮酒仍然是一个严重的公共健康问题。更好地理解 过度饮酒背后的心理过程是必要的，这样才能更有效地 干预措施是可以开发的。最近的研究集中在控制能力受损，表现为失败 避免饮酒或一旦开始饮酒就限制消费。为了更好地了解流程 在控制能力受损的基础上，我们开发了一种新的人体实验室模型(Reach Case)，该模型 评估实际的消费行为，表明控制能力受损。如果抵抗案例是一个很好的模型，那么它 可以用来评估控制能力受损是否可以通过心理或 药理操控。在这项拟议的研究中，我们比较了酒精自我给药在 基于生态学瞬时评估的野外实际饮酒行为实验室模型 (EMA)。赞助商和共同赞助商分别拥有实验室和实地评估方面的专业知识。 EMA将包括对目前戒酒动机和最近饮酒的评估。酗酒者 (n=37)将完成两次抵抗病例会议，一次有酒精暴露，另一次没有。 在每次会议上，将评估抵抗自我给药酒精的能力(“抵抗”)，以及 开放酒吧期间的自我管理(“实验室消费”)。参与者将完成为期六周的 EMA来评估动机和饮酒情况。总体目标是检查实验室的有效性。 模特。具体目的是：1)考察自我抗拒酒精的能力之间的联系 在实验室给药(抵抗)和在现实世界中戒酒的能力，评估 使用EMA；2)在开放的实验室中检查酒精自我给药之间的关联 酒吧(实验室消费)和现实世界中的饮酒行为，使用EMA进行评估；以及3) 在实验室和现场检查抵抗和饮酒的预测因素。来自实验室和EMA的数据 这项研究最终可能有助于开发能够预测个人何时有饮酒风险的算法， 并制定在实地管理的干预措施，以减少相关不良结果的风险 因为酗酒。

Abstract Excessive alcohol use remains a significant public health problem in the US. A better understanding of the psychological processes underlying excessive drinking is needed so that more effective interventions can be developed. Recent research has focused on impaired control, manifest as a failure to avoid drinking or to limit consumption once it has begun. To better understand the processes underlying impaired control, we developed a novel human laboratory model (Resist CASE) that assesses actual consumption behavior indicative of impaired control. If Resist CASE is a good model, it could be used to evaluate whether impaired control can be modified by psychological or pharmacological manipulations. In the proposed study, we compare self-administration of alcohol in the laboratory model against actual drinking behavior in the field using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). The Sponsor and Co-Sponsor have expertise in laboratory and field assessments respectively. EMA will include assessment of current motivation to abstain and recent drinking. Heavy drinkers (N=37) will complete two Resist CASE sessions, one with a priming alcohol exposure and one without. At each session the ability to resist self-administering alcohol will be assessed (“Resist”), as well as self-administration during an open bar (“Lab Consumption”). Participants will complete six weeks of EMA to assess motivation and drinking. The overall goal is to examine the validity of the laboratory model. The specific aims are 1) To examine the association between ability to resist alcohol self- administration in the lab (Resist) and the ability to abstain from drinking in the real-world, assessed using EMA; 2) To examine the association between alcohol self-administration in the lab during open bar (Lab Consumption) and drinking behavior in the real-world, assessed using EMA; and 3) To examine predictors of resisting and drinking in the lab and field. Laboratory and EMA data from this study may ultimately help to develop algorithms that can predict when an individual is at risk of drinking, and to develop interventions, administered in the field, to reduce the risk of poor outcomes associated with drinking.