Early Detection Biomarkers in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

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 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a deadly disease characterized by late diagnosis, aggressive invasion of surrounding tissues, and early metastasis. Patients with stage 1A disease have a 30% 5 year survival rate following resection, highlighting that PDA metastasizes early in patients, however, the molecular mechanisms driving early metastasis in PDA are not understood. We have recently found that the majority of human pancreatic adenocarcinomas have elevated expression of the Ataxia-Telangiectasia Group D Associated (ATDC) gene and that ATDC has an oncogenic function in pancreatic cancer through Wnt pathway activation and -catenin stabilization. Using newly created genetically engineered mouse models of pancreatic cancer, we have now identified a previously unknown role for ATDC in pancreatic cancer, where ATDC is upregulated during the early PanIN stage of tumorigenesis, and in the presence of oncogenic Kras, accelerates PanIN progression and the development of invasive and metastatic tumors. ATDC upregulates CD44 in mouse and human PanIN lesions through a -catenin-induced mechanism, resulting in the induction of an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype characterized by expression of Zeb1 and Snail1. Knockdown of ATDC blocks invasion in mouse and human PDA cells and this effect is mediated through -catenin and CD44. In this proposal, we hypothesize that ATDC is a proximal regulator of EMT and drives progression and metastasis of pancreatic cancer, thus serving as an important therapeutic target. To dissect the role of ATDC in pancreatic cancer, we will: 1) investigate the role of ATDC in pancreatic tumorigenesis using novel genetically engineered mouse models; 2) characterize the molecular mechanisms by which ATDC induces an invasive phenotype in PDA; and 3) determine the mechanism of ATDC upregulation in pancreatic cancer.